TY - JOUR
T1 - Visual memory tests enhance the identification of amnestic MCI cases at greater risk of Alzheimer's disease
AU - Oltra-Cucarella, Javier
AU - Sánchez-Sansegundo, Miriam
AU - Lipnicki, Darren M.
AU - Crawford, John D.
AU - Lipton, Richard B.
AU - Katz, Mindy J.
AU - Zammit, Andrea R.
AU - Scarmeas, Nikolaos
AU - Dardiotis, Efthimios
AU - Kosmidis, Mary H.
AU - Guaita, Antonio
AU - Vaccaro, Roberta
AU - Kim, Ki Woong
AU - Han, Ji Won
AU - Kochan, Nicole A.
AU - Brodaty, Henry
AU - Pérez-Vicente, José A.
AU - Cabello-Rodríguez, Luis
AU - Sachdev, Perminder S.
AU - Ferrer-Cascales, Rosario
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 International Psychogeriatric Association.
Copyright:
Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/7/1
Y1 - 2019/7/1
N2 - Objectives: To investigate whether amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) identified with visual memory tests conveys an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (risk-AD) and if the risk-AD differs from that associated with aMCI based on verbal memory tests.Participants: 4,771 participants aged 70.76 (SD = 6.74, 45.4% females) from five community-based studies, each a member of the international COSMIC consortium and from a different country, were classified as having normal cognition (NC) or one of visual, verbal, or combined (visual and verbal) aMCI using international criteria and followed for an average of 2.48 years. Hazard ratios (HR) and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis analyzed the risk-AD with age, sex, education, single/multiple domain aMCI, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores as covariates.Results: All aMCI groups (n = 760) had a greater risk-AD than NC (n = 4,011; HR range = 3.66-9.25). The risk-AD was not different between visual (n = 208, 17 converters) and verbal aMCI (n = 449, 29 converters, HR = 1.70, 95%CI: 0.88, 3.27, p = 0.111). Combined aMCI (n = 103, 12 converters, HR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.13, 4.84, p = 0.023) had a higher risk-AD than verbal aMCI. Age and MMSE scores were related to the risk-AD. The IPD meta-analyses replicated these results, though with slightly lower HR estimates (HR range = 3.68, 7.43) for aMCI vs. NC.Conclusions: Although verbal aMCI was most common, a significant proportion of participants had visual-only or combined visual and verbal aMCI. Compared with verbal aMCI, the risk-AD was the same for visual aMCI and higher for combined aMCI. Our results highlight the importance of including both verbal and visual memory tests in neuropsychological assessments to more reliably identify aMCI.
AB - Objectives: To investigate whether amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) identified with visual memory tests conveys an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (risk-AD) and if the risk-AD differs from that associated with aMCI based on verbal memory tests.Participants: 4,771 participants aged 70.76 (SD = 6.74, 45.4% females) from five community-based studies, each a member of the international COSMIC consortium and from a different country, were classified as having normal cognition (NC) or one of visual, verbal, or combined (visual and verbal) aMCI using international criteria and followed for an average of 2.48 years. Hazard ratios (HR) and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis analyzed the risk-AD with age, sex, education, single/multiple domain aMCI, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores as covariates.Results: All aMCI groups (n = 760) had a greater risk-AD than NC (n = 4,011; HR range = 3.66-9.25). The risk-AD was not different between visual (n = 208, 17 converters) and verbal aMCI (n = 449, 29 converters, HR = 1.70, 95%CI: 0.88, 3.27, p = 0.111). Combined aMCI (n = 103, 12 converters, HR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.13, 4.84, p = 0.023) had a higher risk-AD than verbal aMCI. Age and MMSE scores were related to the risk-AD. The IPD meta-analyses replicated these results, though with slightly lower HR estimates (HR range = 3.68, 7.43) for aMCI vs. NC.Conclusions: Although verbal aMCI was most common, a significant proportion of participants had visual-only or combined visual and verbal aMCI. Compared with verbal aMCI, the risk-AD was the same for visual aMCI and higher for combined aMCI. Our results highlight the importance of including both verbal and visual memory tests in neuropsychological assessments to more reliably identify aMCI.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - memory
KW - mild cognitive impairment
KW - progression
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U2 - 10.1017/S104161021800145X
DO - 10.1017/S104161021800145X
M3 - Article
C2 - 30355384
AN - SCOPUS:85055494367
VL - 31
SP - 997
EP - 1006
JO - International Psychogeriatrics
JF - International Psychogeriatrics
SN - 1041-6102
IS - 7
ER -