Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: An entity diagnosed on bronchoscopy

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is characterized by multiple cartilaginous or bony submucosal nodules, which project into the tracheobronchial lumen sparing the posterior wall. The disease is manifested by chronic cough, wheezing, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. Even though roentgenologic imaging studies may indicate the diagnosis, bronchoscopy is the most definitive diagnostic test. Recognition of its features on bronchoscopy is thus important for all involved in its management and diagnosis. Treatment is only indicated if there are symptoms. Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica often has a benign course and is often managed conservatively.