TY - JOUR
T1 - Insulin signaling and glucose transport in insulin resistant skeletal muscle - Special reference to GLUT4 transgenic and GLUT4 knockout mice
AU - Galuska, Dana
AU - Ryder, Jeff
AU - Kawano, Yuichi
AU - Charron, Maureen J.
AU - Zierath, Juleen R.
PY - 1998
Y1 - 1998
N2 - Glucose homeostasis is impaired in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and this defect is due in part, to defects in glucose transport in skeletal muscle. Intense interest is now focused on whether reduced insulin-mediated glucose transport in muscle from NIDDM patients results from alterations in the insulin signal transduction pathway or from alterations in traffic and/or translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. Recently, potential targets for impaired traffic/translocation of GLUT4 have been reported to include defective phosphorylation of IRS-1 and reduced PI-3 kinase activity. In addition to insulin signaling defects, impaired glucose transport may result from a defect(s) in the activation or functional capacity of GLUT4. Because GLUT4 is dysregulated in skeletal muscle from NIDDM patients, it is an attractive target for gene therapy. Overexpression of GLUT4 in muscle results in increased glucose uptake and metabolism, and protects against the development of insulin resistance in transgenic mice. Genetic ablation of GLUT4 results in impaired insulin tolerance and defects in glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle. Because impaired muscle glucose transport leads to reduced whole body glucose uptake and hyperglycemia, understanding the molecular regulation of glucose transport in skeletal muscle is necessary to develop effective strategies to prevent or reduce the incidence of NIDDM.
AB - Glucose homeostasis is impaired in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and this defect is due in part, to defects in glucose transport in skeletal muscle. Intense interest is now focused on whether reduced insulin-mediated glucose transport in muscle from NIDDM patients results from alterations in the insulin signal transduction pathway or from alterations in traffic and/or translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. Recently, potential targets for impaired traffic/translocation of GLUT4 have been reported to include defective phosphorylation of IRS-1 and reduced PI-3 kinase activity. In addition to insulin signaling defects, impaired glucose transport may result from a defect(s) in the activation or functional capacity of GLUT4. Because GLUT4 is dysregulated in skeletal muscle from NIDDM patients, it is an attractive target for gene therapy. Overexpression of GLUT4 in muscle results in increased glucose uptake and metabolism, and protects against the development of insulin resistance in transgenic mice. Genetic ablation of GLUT4 results in impaired insulin tolerance and defects in glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle. Because impaired muscle glucose transport leads to reduced whole body glucose uptake and hyperglycemia, understanding the molecular regulation of glucose transport in skeletal muscle is necessary to develop effective strategies to prevent or reduce the incidence of NIDDM.
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U2 - 10.1007/978-1-4899-1928-1_7
DO - 10.1007/978-1-4899-1928-1_7
M3 - Article
C2 - 9781315
AN - SCOPUS:0031688509
SN - 0065-2598
VL - 441
SP - 73
EP - 85
JO - Advances in experimental medicine and biology
JF - Advances in experimental medicine and biology
ER -