TY - JOUR
T1 - Insight into the Effects of High-Altitude Hypoxic Exposure on Learning and Memory
AU - Zhang, Zi Ang
AU - Sun, Yafei
AU - Yuan, Ziyan
AU - Wang, Lei
AU - Dong, Qian
AU - Zhou, Yang
AU - Zheng, Gang
AU - Aschner, Michael
AU - Zou, Yuankang
AU - Luo, Wenjing
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Zi-ang Zhang et al.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - The earth land area is heterogeneous in terms of elevation; about 45% of its land area belongs to higher elevation with altitude above 500 meters compared to sea level. In most cases, oxygen concentration decreases as altitude increases. Thus, high-altitude hypoxic stress is commonly faced by residents in areas with an average elevation exceeding 2500 meters and those who have just entered the plateau. High-altitude hypoxia significantly affects advanced neurobehaviors including learning and memory (L&M). Hippocampus, the integration center of L&M, could be the most crucial target affected by high-altitude hypoxia exposure. Based on these points, this review thoroughly discussed the relationship between high-altitude hypoxia and L&M impairment, in terms of hippocampal neuron apoptosis and dysfunction, neuronal oxidative stress disorder, neurotransmitters and related receptors, and nerve cell energy metabolism disorder, which is of great significance to find potential targets for medical intervention. Studies illustrate that the mechanism of L&M damaged by high-altitude hypoxia should be further investigated based on the entire review of issues related to this topic.
AB - The earth land area is heterogeneous in terms of elevation; about 45% of its land area belongs to higher elevation with altitude above 500 meters compared to sea level. In most cases, oxygen concentration decreases as altitude increases. Thus, high-altitude hypoxic stress is commonly faced by residents in areas with an average elevation exceeding 2500 meters and those who have just entered the plateau. High-altitude hypoxia significantly affects advanced neurobehaviors including learning and memory (L&M). Hippocampus, the integration center of L&M, could be the most crucial target affected by high-altitude hypoxia exposure. Based on these points, this review thoroughly discussed the relationship between high-altitude hypoxia and L&M impairment, in terms of hippocampal neuron apoptosis and dysfunction, neuronal oxidative stress disorder, neurotransmitters and related receptors, and nerve cell energy metabolism disorder, which is of great significance to find potential targets for medical intervention. Studies illustrate that the mechanism of L&M damaged by high-altitude hypoxia should be further investigated based on the entire review of issues related to this topic.
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U2 - 10.1155/2022/4163188
DO - 10.1155/2022/4163188
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36160703
AN - SCOPUS:85138664648
SN - 1942-0900
VL - 2022
JO - Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
JF - Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
M1 - 4163188
ER -