TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of a family-based intervention on nutrient biomarkers, desaturase enzyme activities, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight and obesity
AU - Matthan, Nirupa R.
AU - Wylie-Rosett, Judith
AU - Xue, Xiaonan
AU - Gao, Qi
AU - Groisman-Perelstein, Adriana E.
AU - Diamantis, Pamela M.
AU - Ginsberg, Mindy
AU - Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin
AU - Barger, Kathryn
AU - Lichtenstein, Alice H.
N1 - Funding Information:
Copyright ©C The Author(s) 2019. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com Manuscript received November 14, 2019. Initial review completed November 21, 2019. Revision accepted November 29, 2019. Published online December 2, 2019. Supported by NIH grant R01 HL101236 (to AHL), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grant NIDDK R18 DK075981 (to JW-R), New York Regional Center for Diabetes Translational Researchgrant DK111022 (to JW-R), and the USDA under agreement no. 58-1950-4-401 (to NM). Author disclosures: The authors report no conflicts of interest. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. Supplemental Figures 1 and 2 are available from the “Supplementary data” link in the online posting of the article and from the same link in the online table of contents at https://academic.oup.com/cdn/. Data described in the article, code book, and analytic code will be made available upon request. Data sharing will require a signed agreement that addresses expenses for data transfer and protects participant confidentiality by exchanging de-identified data in protected formats. Address correspondence to NM (e-mail: nirupa.matthan@tufts.edu). Abbreviations used: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; BMIz, BMI z score; CMRF, cardiometabolic risk factor; DNL, de novo lipogenesis; D5D, δ-5-desaturase; D6D, δ-6-desaturase; EP, enhanced program; FDR, false discovery rate; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; mol%, molar percentage; SC, standard care; SCD, stearoyl co-A desaturase; sICAM, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright C The Author(s) 2019.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Background: Developing dietary strategies to prevent excess weight gain during childhood is critical to stem the current obesity epidemic and associated adverse cardiometabolic consequences. Objectives: We aimed to assess how participation in a family-based weight-management intervention affected nutrient biomarkers and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) in children (7–12 y old; n = 321) with baseline BMI z score (BMIz) ≥85th percentile. Methods: This was a secondary analysis from a randomized-controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial. Families of children, recruited from a largely Hispanic population, were assigned to Standard Care (SC; American Academy of Pediatrics overweight/obesity recommendations), or SC + Enhanced Program (SC + EP; 8 skill-building cores, monthly support sessions, targeted diet/physical activity strategies). Nutrient biomarkers (plasma carotenoids, fat-soluble vitamins, RBC fatty acid profiles, desaturase indexes) and CMRFs were measured in archived blood samples collected at baseline and the end of the 1-y intervention. Results: Children in both groups had significantly lower trans fatty acid and higher pentadecylic acid (15:0), PUFA n–3, and β-carotene concentrations, indicative of decreased hydrogenated fat and increased dairy, vegetable oil, fish, and fruit/vegetable intake, respectively. Similar changes were seen in de novo lipogenesis and desaturase indexes, as well as CMRFs (BMIz, lipid profile, inflammation, adipokines, liver enzymes) in both groups. Using multiple logistic regression, increase in carotenoids and decrease in endogenously synthesized SFA, MUFA, PUFA n–6, and desaturase indexes were associated with improvements in BMIz, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, inflammatory biomarkers, adipokines, and liver enzymes. Trans fatty acids were associated with improvements in BMIz, glucose metabolism, and leptin, with less favorable effects on inflammatory markers and adiponectin. Conclusions: Providing targeted family-based behavioral counseling, as part of SC, can help overweight/obese children adopt healthier eating patterns that are associated with modest improvements in BMIz and several CMRFs. Limited additional benefit was observed with SC + EP. These results provide critical data to design subsequent interventions to increase the impact of family-based obesity prevention programs. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00851201. Curr Dev Nutr 2019;4:nzz138.
AB - Background: Developing dietary strategies to prevent excess weight gain during childhood is critical to stem the current obesity epidemic and associated adverse cardiometabolic consequences. Objectives: We aimed to assess how participation in a family-based weight-management intervention affected nutrient biomarkers and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) in children (7–12 y old; n = 321) with baseline BMI z score (BMIz) ≥85th percentile. Methods: This was a secondary analysis from a randomized-controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial. Families of children, recruited from a largely Hispanic population, were assigned to Standard Care (SC; American Academy of Pediatrics overweight/obesity recommendations), or SC + Enhanced Program (SC + EP; 8 skill-building cores, monthly support sessions, targeted diet/physical activity strategies). Nutrient biomarkers (plasma carotenoids, fat-soluble vitamins, RBC fatty acid profiles, desaturase indexes) and CMRFs were measured in archived blood samples collected at baseline and the end of the 1-y intervention. Results: Children in both groups had significantly lower trans fatty acid and higher pentadecylic acid (15:0), PUFA n–3, and β-carotene concentrations, indicative of decreased hydrogenated fat and increased dairy, vegetable oil, fish, and fruit/vegetable intake, respectively. Similar changes were seen in de novo lipogenesis and desaturase indexes, as well as CMRFs (BMIz, lipid profile, inflammation, adipokines, liver enzymes) in both groups. Using multiple logistic regression, increase in carotenoids and decrease in endogenously synthesized SFA, MUFA, PUFA n–6, and desaturase indexes were associated with improvements in BMIz, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, inflammatory biomarkers, adipokines, and liver enzymes. Trans fatty acids were associated with improvements in BMIz, glucose metabolism, and leptin, with less favorable effects on inflammatory markers and adiponectin. Conclusions: Providing targeted family-based behavioral counseling, as part of SC, can help overweight/obese children adopt healthier eating patterns that are associated with modest improvements in BMIz and several CMRFs. Limited additional benefit was observed with SC + EP. These results provide critical data to design subsequent interventions to increase the impact of family-based obesity prevention programs. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00851201. Curr Dev Nutr 2019;4:nzz138.
KW - Adipokines
KW - Cardiometabolic risk factors
KW - Carotenoids
KW - Childhood obesity
KW - Family-based intervention
KW - Fatty acids
KW - Nutrient biomarkers
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U2 - 10.1093/CDN/NZZ138
DO - 10.1093/CDN/NZZ138
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85089084706
VL - 4
JO - Current Developments in Nutrition
JF - Current Developments in Nutrition
SN - 2475-2991
IS - 1
ER -