Successful repair of a transplant renal artery mycotic pseudoaneurysm

Mycotic arterial aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms are uncommon vascular complications of renal transplantation. These vascular infections usually present with severe hemorrhage, and are often associated with high morbidity and mortality. The traditional treatment for these aneurysms has been debridement and ligation of the affected artery, with resulting loss of the renal allograft in most cases. We present a case of a pseudoaneurysm in a transplant renal artery following a Candida albicans infection. The pseudoaneurysm was diagnosed prior to rupture and was successfully treated by repairing the arterial defect using a greater saphenous vein patch, with preservation of the renal allograft. A review of the literature is included.