Toxoplasmosis: A history of clinical observations

Louis M. Weiss, Jitender P. Dubey

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

608 Scopus citations

Abstract

It has been 100 years since Toxoplasma gondii was initially described in Tunis by Nicolle and Manceaux (1908) in the tissues of the gundi (Ctenodoactylus gundi) and in Brazil by Splendore (1908) in the tissues of a rabbit. Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous, Apicomplexan parasite of warm-blooded animals that can cause several clinical syndromes including encephalitis, chorioretinitis, congenital infection and neonatal mortality. Fifteen years after the description of T. gondii by Nicolle and Manceaux a fatal case of toxoplasmosis in a child was reported by Janků. In 1939 Wolf, Cowen and Paige were the first to conclusively identify T. gondii as a cause of human disease. This review examines the clinical manifestations of infection with T. gondii and the history of the discovery of these manifestations.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)895-901
Number of pages7
JournalInternational Journal for Parasitology
Volume39
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 1 2009

Keywords

  • Apicomplexa
  • Clinical disease
  • History
  • Symptoms
  • Toxoplasma gondii

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases

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