TY - JOUR
T1 - The natural history of type B Niemann-Pick disease
T2 - Results from a 10-year longitudinal study
AU - Wasserstein, Melissa P.
AU - Desnick, Robert J.
AU - Schuchman, Edward H.
AU - Hossain, Sabera
AU - Wallenstein, Sylvan
AU - Lamm, Carin
AU - McGovern, Margaret M.
PY - 2004/12
Y1 - 2004/12
N2 - Objectives. Type B Niemann-Pick disease (NPD-B) caused by acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is a rare, autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disorder with a broad range of disease severity. The objectives of this study were to document the natural history of the disease in a large, clinically heterogeneous patient population that was followed for a period of 10 years and to determine how genotype influences phenotype. Methods. Twenty-nine patients with NPD-B had serial evaluations at least 9 months apart. Organ volumes, hematologic indices, lipid concentrations, pulmonary function, and hepatic activity were studied, and individual phenotypic severity was compared with genotype. Results. All patients with intact spleens had splenomegaly (mean value: 12.7 multiples of normal [MN]; range: 4.5-27.3 MN), and all but 1 had hepatomegaly (mean volume: 1.91 MN; range: 0.93-3.21 MN). At initial visit, 39% had thrombocytopenia and 3% had leukopenia. At final visit, the percentages increased to 54% and 34%, respectively. Mean annual decreases in platelet count and leukocyte count were 7 × 103 and 0.2 × 103 per mm3, respectively. The typical atherogenic lipid profile was worse in older patients. A total of 69% of patients had low diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, and more than one third had low forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity at initial visit. All measurements of pulmonary function showed a gradual deterioration over time. Liver dysfunction was characterized by stable elevation of hepatic transaminases and bilirubin. Homozygotes for ΔR608, P323A, and P330R had milder disease than patients with all other genotypes. Conclusions. The natural history of NPD-B is characterized by hepatosplenomegaly with progressive hypersplenism, worsening atherogenic lipid profile, gradual deterioration in pulmonary function, and stable liver dysfunction.
AB - Objectives. Type B Niemann-Pick disease (NPD-B) caused by acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is a rare, autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disorder with a broad range of disease severity. The objectives of this study were to document the natural history of the disease in a large, clinically heterogeneous patient population that was followed for a period of 10 years and to determine how genotype influences phenotype. Methods. Twenty-nine patients with NPD-B had serial evaluations at least 9 months apart. Organ volumes, hematologic indices, lipid concentrations, pulmonary function, and hepatic activity were studied, and individual phenotypic severity was compared with genotype. Results. All patients with intact spleens had splenomegaly (mean value: 12.7 multiples of normal [MN]; range: 4.5-27.3 MN), and all but 1 had hepatomegaly (mean volume: 1.91 MN; range: 0.93-3.21 MN). At initial visit, 39% had thrombocytopenia and 3% had leukopenia. At final visit, the percentages increased to 54% and 34%, respectively. Mean annual decreases in platelet count and leukocyte count were 7 × 103 and 0.2 × 103 per mm3, respectively. The typical atherogenic lipid profile was worse in older patients. A total of 69% of patients had low diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide, and more than one third had low forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity at initial visit. All measurements of pulmonary function showed a gradual deterioration over time. Liver dysfunction was characterized by stable elevation of hepatic transaminases and bilirubin. Homozygotes for ΔR608, P323A, and P330R had milder disease than patients with all other genotypes. Conclusions. The natural history of NPD-B is characterized by hepatosplenomegaly with progressive hypersplenism, worsening atherogenic lipid profile, gradual deterioration in pulmonary function, and stable liver dysfunction.
KW - Acid sphingomyelinase
KW - Lysosomal storage disease
KW - Natural history
KW - Niemann-Pick
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=16644401487&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=16644401487&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1542/peds.2004-0887
DO - 10.1542/peds.2004-0887
M3 - Article
C2 - 15545621
AN - SCOPUS:16644401487
SN - 0031-4005
VL - 114
SP - e672-e677
JO - Pediatrics
JF - Pediatrics
IS - 6
ER -