The major SHP-1-binding, tyrosine-phosphorylated protein in macrophages is a member of the KIR/LIR family and an SHP-1 substrate

The SH2 domain-containing cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase, SHP-1, negatively regulates hematopoietic cell signaling. SHP-1 is associated with a tyrosine phosphorylated, plasma membrane-spanning glycoprotein, pp130, in colony stimulating factor-1 stimulated or unstimulated macrophages. This association is phosphotyrosine dependent and is mediated by the amino-terminal SH2 domain of SHP-1. pp130 behaves as a substrate of SHP-1 in vitro and is hyperphosphorylated on tyrosine in SHP-1 deficient macrophages from viable-motheaten mice. Co-immunoprecipitation data indicate that pp130 is the product of the mouse p91/PIR-B gene that encodes a member of the killer cell inhibitory receptor (KIR)/leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family. By analogy to the KIRs, p91/PIR-B may represent a novel class of macrophage receptors which act to suppress macrophage activation. These observations identify SHP-1 interactions with and regulation of p91/PIR-B as a potential mechanism for inhibiting the signaling cascades linking extracellular stimuli to macrophage activation and/or development.