TY - JOUR
T1 - The genetics of Bene Israel from India reveals both substantial Jewish and Indian ancestry
AU - Waldman, Yedael Y.
AU - Biddanda, Arjun
AU - Davidson, Natalie R.
AU - Billing-Ross, Paul
AU - Dubrovsky, Maya
AU - Campbell, Christopher L.
AU - Oddoux, Carole
AU - Friedman, Eitan
AU - Atzmon, Gil
AU - Halperin, Eran
AU - Ostrer, Harry
AU - Keinan, Alon
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: AK and YYW were supported in part by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant R01HG006849. AK was also supported in part by NIH Grant R01GM108805 and by The Ellison Medical Foundation and the Edward Mallinckrodt, Jr. Foundation. EH is a faculty fellow of the Edmond J. Safra Center for Bioinformatics at Tel Aviv University. EH and YYW were partially supported by the Israeli Science Foundation (grant 1425/13), by the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (Grant 2012304) and by the German-Israeli Foundation (Grant 1094-33.2/2010). YYW was also partially supported by the Len Blavatnik and the Blavatnik Family Foundation. NRD was supported by the Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine (via NIH training grant 1T32GM083937). PBR was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (grant No. 2013172342).
PY - 2016/3
Y1 - 2016/3
N2 - The Bene Israel Jewish community from West India is a unique population whose history before the 18th century remains largely unknown. Bene Israel members consider themselves as descendants of Jews, yet the identity of Jewish ancestors and their arrival time to India are unknown, with speculations on arrival time varying between the 8th century BCE and the 6th century CE. Here, we characterize the genetic history of Bene Israel by collecting and genotyping 18 Bene Israel individuals. Combining with 486 individuals from 41 other Jewish, Indian and Pakistani populations, and additional individuals from worldwide populations, we conducted comprehensive genome-wide analyses based on FST, principal component analysis, ADMIXTURE, identity-by-descent sharing, admixture linkage disequilibrium decay, haplotype sharing and allele sharing autocorrelation decay, as well as contrasted patterns between the X chromosome and the autosomes. The genetics of Bene Israel individuals resemble local Indian populations, while at the same time constituting a clearly separated and unique population in India. They are unique among Indian and Pakistani populations we analyzed in sharing considerable genetic ancestry with other Jewish populations. Putting together the results from all analyses point to Bene Israel being an admixed population with both Jewish and Indian ancestry, with the genetic contribution of each of these ancestral populations being substantial. The admixture took place in the last millennium, about 19-33 generations ago. It involved Middle-Eastern Jews and was sexbiased, with more male Jewish and local female contribution. It was followed by a population bottleneck and high endogamy, which can lead to increased prevalence of recessive diseases in this population. This study provides an example of how genetic analysis advances our knowledge of human history in cases where other disciplines lack the relevant data to do so.
AB - The Bene Israel Jewish community from West India is a unique population whose history before the 18th century remains largely unknown. Bene Israel members consider themselves as descendants of Jews, yet the identity of Jewish ancestors and their arrival time to India are unknown, with speculations on arrival time varying between the 8th century BCE and the 6th century CE. Here, we characterize the genetic history of Bene Israel by collecting and genotyping 18 Bene Israel individuals. Combining with 486 individuals from 41 other Jewish, Indian and Pakistani populations, and additional individuals from worldwide populations, we conducted comprehensive genome-wide analyses based on FST, principal component analysis, ADMIXTURE, identity-by-descent sharing, admixture linkage disequilibrium decay, haplotype sharing and allele sharing autocorrelation decay, as well as contrasted patterns between the X chromosome and the autosomes. The genetics of Bene Israel individuals resemble local Indian populations, while at the same time constituting a clearly separated and unique population in India. They are unique among Indian and Pakistani populations we analyzed in sharing considerable genetic ancestry with other Jewish populations. Putting together the results from all analyses point to Bene Israel being an admixed population with both Jewish and Indian ancestry, with the genetic contribution of each of these ancestral populations being substantial. The admixture took place in the last millennium, about 19-33 generations ago. It involved Middle-Eastern Jews and was sexbiased, with more male Jewish and local female contribution. It was followed by a population bottleneck and high endogamy, which can lead to increased prevalence of recessive diseases in this population. This study provides an example of how genetic analysis advances our knowledge of human history in cases where other disciplines lack the relevant data to do so.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0152056
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0152056
M3 - Article
C2 - 27010569
AN - SCOPUS:84962127874
VL - 11
JO - PLoS One
JF - PLoS One
SN - 1932-6203
IS - 3
M1 - e0152056
ER -