The effects of dairy intake on insulin resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Kristen M. Sochol; Tanya S. Johns; Rupinder S. Buttar; Lovepreet Randhawa; Edeline Sanchez; Maya Gal; Katherine Lestrade; Massini Merzkani; Matthew K. Abramowitz; Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani; Michal L. Melamed

doi:10.3390/nu11092237

The effects of dairy intake on insulin resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Kristen M. Sochol, Tanya S. Johns, Rupinder S. Buttar, Lovepreet Randhawa, Edeline Sanchez, Maya Gal, Katherine Lestrade, Massini Merzkani, Matthew K. Abramowitz, Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Michal L. Melamed

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased in the US over the last several years. The consumption of low-fat dairy foods has been linked with decreasing the risk of DM but studies have yet to show a clear correlation. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of dairy intake on homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), waist circumference, and body weight. In MEDLINE and Embase, we identified and reviewed 49 relevant RCTs: 30 had appropriate data format for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Using the Review Manager 5 software, we calculated the pooled standardized mean differences comparing dairy dietary interventions to control for our outcomes of interest. For HOMA-IR (794 individuals), we found a mean difference of -1.21 (95% CI -1.74 to -0.67; p-value < 0.00001; I² = 92%). For waist circumference (1348 individuals), the mean difference was -1.09 cm (95% CI 1.68 to -0.58; p-value < 0.00001; I² = 94%). For body weight (2362 individuals), the dairy intake intervention group weighed 0.42 kg less than control (p-value < 0.00001; I² = 92%). Our findings suggest that dairy intake, especially low-fat dairy products, has a beneficial effect on HOMA-IR, waist circumference, and body weight. This could impact dietary recommendations to reduce DM risk.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	2237
Journal	Nutrients
Volume	11
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11092237
State	Published - Sep 2019

Keywords

Dairy intake
Diet
Insulin resistance
Low-fat dairy
Waist circumference
Weight loss

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Food Science
Nutrition and Dietetics

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.3390/nu11092237

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title = "The effects of dairy intake on insulin resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials",

abstract = "The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased in the US over the last several years. The consumption of low-fat dairy foods has been linked with decreasing the risk of DM but studies have yet to show a clear correlation. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of dairy intake on homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), waist circumference, and body weight. In MEDLINE and Embase, we identified and reviewed 49 relevant RCTs: 30 had appropriate data format for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Using the Review Manager 5 software, we calculated the pooled standardized mean differences comparing dairy dietary interventions to control for our outcomes of interest. For HOMA-IR (794 individuals), we found a mean difference of -1.21 (95% CI -1.74 to -0.67; p-value < 0.00001; I2 = 92%). For waist circumference (1348 individuals), the mean difference was -1.09 cm (95% CI 1.68 to -0.58; p-value < 0.00001; I2 = 94%). For body weight (2362 individuals), the dairy intake intervention group weighed 0.42 kg less than control (p-value < 0.00001; I2 = 92%). Our findings suggest that dairy intake, especially low-fat dairy products, has a beneficial effect on HOMA-IR, waist circumference, and body weight. This could impact dietary recommendations to reduce DM risk.",

keywords = "Dairy intake, Diet, Insulin resistance, Low-fat dairy, Waist circumference, Weight loss",

author = "Sochol, {Kristen M.} and Johns, {Tanya S.} and Buttar, {Rupinder S.} and Lovepreet Randhawa and Edeline Sanchez and Maya Gal and Katherine Lestrade and Massini Merzkani and Abramowitz, {Matthew K.} and Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani and Melamed, {Michal L.}",

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AU - Johns, Tanya S.

AU - Buttar, Rupinder S.

AU - Randhawa, Lovepreet

AU - Sanchez, Edeline

AU - Gal, Maya

AU - Lestrade, Katherine

AU - Merzkani, Massini

AU - Abramowitz, Matthew K.

AU - Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin

AU - Melamed, Michal L.

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AB - The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased in the US over the last several years. The consumption of low-fat dairy foods has been linked with decreasing the risk of DM but studies have yet to show a clear correlation. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of dairy intake on homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), waist circumference, and body weight. In MEDLINE and Embase, we identified and reviewed 49 relevant RCTs: 30 had appropriate data format for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Using the Review Manager 5 software, we calculated the pooled standardized mean differences comparing dairy dietary interventions to control for our outcomes of interest. For HOMA-IR (794 individuals), we found a mean difference of -1.21 (95% CI -1.74 to -0.67; p-value < 0.00001; I2 = 92%). For waist circumference (1348 individuals), the mean difference was -1.09 cm (95% CI 1.68 to -0.58; p-value < 0.00001; I2 = 94%). For body weight (2362 individuals), the dairy intake intervention group weighed 0.42 kg less than control (p-value < 0.00001; I2 = 92%). Our findings suggest that dairy intake, especially low-fat dairy products, has a beneficial effect on HOMA-IR, waist circumference, and body weight. This could impact dietary recommendations to reduce DM risk.

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The effects of dairy intake on insulin resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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