The association between environmental cadmium exposure, blood pressure, and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hamed Aramjoo, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Ali Feyzi, Ali Naghizadeh, Michael Aschner, Abolfazl Naimabadi, Tahereh Farkhondeh, Saeed Samarghandian

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

22 Scopus citations

Abstract

We performed a systematic and meta-analysis study to find the association between cadmium (Cd) exposure and blood pressure (BP)/hypertension (HTN) in exposed general populations. We searched main databases for literature published between year 2000 and April 15, 2021. Quality assessment was performed with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Heterogeneity between studies was determined by I-squared (I2) statistic. The random effects model was used to determine the association between blood and urine Cd levels with hypertension. The overall standard differences in mean for Cd level in hypertensive and control groups were 3.34, 1.79, and 8.09 based on samples from blood, urine, and hair, respectively. The overall standard differences in mean for Cd level in the low and high exposure groups were − 0.795 and − 1.036 based on blood and urinary samples, respectively. Our findings indicate a positive relationship between blood and hair Cd levels and hypertension. We also found that hair is the optimal biological sample to find the relationship between Cd exposure and hypertension for both genders. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)35682-35706
Number of pages25
JournalEnvironmental Science and Pollution Research
Volume29
Issue number24
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2022

Keywords

  • Blood pressure
  • Cadmium
  • Environmental exposure
  • High blood pressure
  • Hypertension
  • Meta-analysis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Pollution
  • Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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