TY - JOUR
T1 - The association between environmental cadmium exposure, blood pressure, and hypertension
T2 - a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Aramjoo, Hamed
AU - Arab-Zozani, Morteza
AU - Feyzi, Ali
AU - Naghizadeh, Ali
AU - Aschner, Michael
AU - Naimabadi, Abolfazl
AU - Farkhondeh, Tahereh
AU - Samarghandian, Saeed
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - We performed a systematic and meta-analysis study to find the association between cadmium (Cd) exposure and blood pressure (BP)/hypertension (HTN) in exposed general populations. We searched main databases for literature published between year 2000 and April 15, 2021. Quality assessment was performed with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Heterogeneity between studies was determined by I-squared (I2) statistic. The random effects model was used to determine the association between blood and urine Cd levels with hypertension. The overall standard differences in mean for Cd level in hypertensive and control groups were 3.34, 1.79, and 8.09 based on samples from blood, urine, and hair, respectively. The overall standard differences in mean for Cd level in the low and high exposure groups were − 0.795 and − 1.036 based on blood and urinary samples, respectively. Our findings indicate a positive relationship between blood and hair Cd levels and hypertension. We also found that hair is the optimal biological sample to find the relationship between Cd exposure and hypertension for both genders. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings.
AB - We performed a systematic and meta-analysis study to find the association between cadmium (Cd) exposure and blood pressure (BP)/hypertension (HTN) in exposed general populations. We searched main databases for literature published between year 2000 and April 15, 2021. Quality assessment was performed with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Heterogeneity between studies was determined by I-squared (I2) statistic. The random effects model was used to determine the association between blood and urine Cd levels with hypertension. The overall standard differences in mean for Cd level in hypertensive and control groups were 3.34, 1.79, and 8.09 based on samples from blood, urine, and hair, respectively. The overall standard differences in mean for Cd level in the low and high exposure groups were − 0.795 and − 1.036 based on blood and urinary samples, respectively. Our findings indicate a positive relationship between blood and hair Cd levels and hypertension. We also found that hair is the optimal biological sample to find the relationship between Cd exposure and hypertension for both genders. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings.
KW - Blood pressure
KW - Cadmium
KW - Environmental exposure
KW - High blood pressure
KW - Hypertension
KW - Meta-analysis
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U2 - 10.1007/s11356-021-17777-9
DO - 10.1007/s11356-021-17777-9
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35257333
AN - SCOPUS:85125735089
SN - 0944-1344
VL - 29
SP - 35682
EP - 35706
JO - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
IS - 24
ER -