T1N0 oesophageal cancer: Patterns of care and outcomes over 25 years

Mohamed K. Kamel, Benjamin Lee, Mohamed Rahouma, Sebron Harrison, Andrew B. Nguyen, Jeffrey L. Port, Nasser K. Altorki, Brendon M. Stiles

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Historically, surgical resection has been the mainstay of treatment for T1N0 oesophageal cancer (OC). More recently, oesophageal sparing endoscopic techniques have shown value for local control in a large institutional series. However, the effect of their utilization upon survival rates in large population series is largely unknown. METHODS: The surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database was queried for T1N0M0-OC patients (1988-2013). Patients with multiple treatment types were excluded. Time periods were divided by 5-year increments. Overall survival and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were compared in the group as a whole and in propensity-matched subgroups. Independent predictors of cancer-specific mortality were studied by the Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: We identified 5497 patients with cT1N0M0 OC. Treatment modalities used were changed significantly over time. The ratio of oesophagectomy when compared with local therapy decreased from 15:1 in 1998-92 to 1.4:1 in 2008-13. The proportion of patients treated with radiation slightly increased (35% vs 41%) between 1988-92 and 2008-13. In the propensity-matched groups, 5-year CSS was similar in patients treated with oesophagectomy and local therapy (81% vs 89%; P = 0.257) (n = 216 in each group), whereas oesophagectomy had superior 5-year CSS compared with radiation alone (73% vs 38%; P < 0.001) (n = 497 in each group). In multivariable analysis, significant predictors of cancer-specific mortality included age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.022], tumour size (HR 1.005), radiation therapy (HR 3.67), tumour Grade III/IV (HR 1.25) and early time period of diagnosis (HR 1.75). CONCLUSIONS: Oesophageal sparing endoscopic techniques have been increasingly utilized in the treatment of cT1N0-OC but without compromising CSS. Local therapy, either endoscopic techniques or surgery, remains superior to radiation therapy.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)952-959
Number of pages8
JournalEuropean Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery
Volume53
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - May 1 2018
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Oesophageal cancer
  • Outcomes
  • Trends

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Surgery
  • Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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