T cell coinhibition in prostate cancer: New immune evasion pathways and emerging therapeutics

Yael S. Barach, Jun Sik Lee, Xingxing Zang

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

40 Scopus citations

Abstract

T cell-mediated adaptive immune response is controlled by both positive costimulation and negative coinhibition, generated mainly by the interaction between the B7 family and their receptor CD28 family. Coinhibition is exploited by prostate cancer as an immune evasion pathway. Overexpression of coinhibitory B7x and B7-H3 in prostate cancer correlates with poor disease outcome, whereas tumor-infiltrating immune cells have enhanced expression of PD-L1 and its receptor PD-1. New insights into the complex mechanisms governing B7 expression in the tumor microenvironment have been reported and therapies aimed at overcoming T cell coinhibition with antagonistic monoclonal antibodies are emerging as effective tumor immunotherapies. Therapies that block B7x and B7-H3, either as monotherapies or in synergism with traditional therapies, should be pursued.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)47-55
Number of pages9
JournalTrends in Molecular Medicine
Volume17
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2011

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Molecular Medicine
  • Molecular Biology

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