TY - JOUR
T1 - Strain and substrain differences in context- and tone-dependent fear conditioning of inbred mice
AU - Stiedl, Oliver
AU - Radulovic, Jelena
AU - Lohmann, Ragna
AU - Birkenfeld, Karin
AU - Palve, Markki
AU - Kammermeier, Jens
AU - Sananbenesi, Farahnaz
AU - Spiess, Joachim
PY - 1999/10
Y1 - 1999/10
N2 - The performance of C57BL/6J (6J), C57BL/6N (6N), DBA/2J (2J) and DBA/2N (2N) mice in context- and tone-dependent fear conditioning was determined 24 h after fear conditioning to evaluate and compare different behavioral measures as indices of emotional learning. Freezing, the change in activity and the size of the explored area were evaluated as behavioral parameters indicating fear. Additionally, the heart rate (HR) increase elicited by tone presentation was evaluated as an autonomic indicator of fear. During the context-dependent memory test, freezing was high only in 6J and 6N mice, whereas a drop of activity and a reduced exploratory area was measured in all strains. During the tone-dependent memory test, high freezing, low activity, reduced exploratory area and a strong HR increase were demonstrated only in 6N and 6J mice, whereas behavioral and HR changes of 2J and 2N mice were always low. In extinction tests, context- and tone-dependent freezing of 6J mice decayed significantly faster than the freezing of 6N mice, whereas in both substrains the conditioned tachycardia to tone extinguished similarly in the home cage. The data demonstrate that monitoring of additional behavioral measures besides freezing and autonomic measures is necessary to interpret differences in associative learning performance of mouse strains that could be related to a differential expression of fear. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
AB - The performance of C57BL/6J (6J), C57BL/6N (6N), DBA/2J (2J) and DBA/2N (2N) mice in context- and tone-dependent fear conditioning was determined 24 h after fear conditioning to evaluate and compare different behavioral measures as indices of emotional learning. Freezing, the change in activity and the size of the explored area were evaluated as behavioral parameters indicating fear. Additionally, the heart rate (HR) increase elicited by tone presentation was evaluated as an autonomic indicator of fear. During the context-dependent memory test, freezing was high only in 6J and 6N mice, whereas a drop of activity and a reduced exploratory area was measured in all strains. During the tone-dependent memory test, high freezing, low activity, reduced exploratory area and a strong HR increase were demonstrated only in 6N and 6J mice, whereas behavioral and HR changes of 2J and 2N mice were always low. In extinction tests, context- and tone-dependent freezing of 6J mice decayed significantly faster than the freezing of 6N mice, whereas in both substrains the conditioned tachycardia to tone extinguished similarly in the home cage. The data demonstrate that monitoring of additional behavioral measures besides freezing and autonomic measures is necessary to interpret differences in associative learning performance of mouse strains that could be related to a differential expression of fear. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
KW - Auditory fear conditioning
KW - C57BL/6J
KW - C57BL/6N
KW - Contextual fear conditioning
KW - DBA/2J
KW - DBA/2N
KW - Heart rate
KW - Strains
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U2 - 10.1016/S0166-4328(99)00047-9
DO - 10.1016/S0166-4328(99)00047-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 11125727
AN - SCOPUS:0032863745
SN - 0166-4328
VL - 104
SP - 1
EP - 12
JO - Behavioural Brain Research
JF - Behavioural Brain Research
IS - 1-2
ER -