TY - JOUR
T1 - Seroprevalence of HTLV-I and HTLV-II among a cohort of HIV-infected women and women at risk for HIV infection
AU - Telzak, Edward E.
AU - Hershow, Ronald
AU - Kalish, Leslie A.
AU - Hardy, William D.
AU - Zuckerman, Evelyn
AU - Levine, Alexandra
AU - Delapenha, Robert
AU - DeHovitz, Jack
AU - Greenblatt, Ruth M.
AU - Anastos, Kathryn
PY - 1998/12/15
Y1 - 1998/12/15
N2 - Objectives: To determine the seroprevalence of, and risk factors for, HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection among HIV-infected women and women at high risk for HIV infection. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data for women enrolled in the prospective Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Methods: From October 1994 through November 1995, 2657 women from five metropolitan areas in the United States (Chicago, Los Angeles, New York City [two sites], Northern California, and Washington DC) were enrolled in WIHS. An interview-based survey collected data on demographics, behavior, and medical history. HTLV-I and HTLV-II determinations were made using a combined HTLV-I/HTLV-II indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) screening test, an IFA titration specificity test, and individual HTLV-I and HTLV-II confirmatory Western blots. Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression were used to determine univariate and multivariate independent predictors for HTLV-II infection. Results: Of 2625 women enrolled in WIHS with confirmed HIV results, 2487 (95%) were tested for HTLV-I and HTLV-II. Of these, 241 (10%) were HTLV-II-seropositive and 13 (0.5%) were HTLV-I-seropositive. On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of HTLV-II infection included injection drug use (OR = 5.2; p < .001), black race (OR = 3.6; p < 0.001), age >35 years (OR = 3.3; p < .001) and a history of sex with a male injecting drug user (OR = 1.9; p < .001). Among women infected with HIV, the seroprevalence of HTLV-II was 11% compared with 6% for women at risk for HIV but not infected (p < .001). However, HIV was not an independent predictor of HTLV-II infection in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: This cross-sectional analysis confirms that HTLV-II is found commonly in HIV-infected women and uninfected women at risk for HIV in major urban areas throughout the United States and that HTLV-II is far more common than HTLV-I in these populations. Although injecting drug use is most strongly associated with HTLV-II infection, sexual transmission likely contributes to the high HTLV-II seroprevalence in this cohort.
AB - Objectives: To determine the seroprevalence of, and risk factors for, HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection among HIV-infected women and women at high risk for HIV infection. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data for women enrolled in the prospective Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Methods: From October 1994 through November 1995, 2657 women from five metropolitan areas in the United States (Chicago, Los Angeles, New York City [two sites], Northern California, and Washington DC) were enrolled in WIHS. An interview-based survey collected data on demographics, behavior, and medical history. HTLV-I and HTLV-II determinations were made using a combined HTLV-I/HTLV-II indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) screening test, an IFA titration specificity test, and individual HTLV-I and HTLV-II confirmatory Western blots. Fisher's exact tests and logistic regression were used to determine univariate and multivariate independent predictors for HTLV-II infection. Results: Of 2625 women enrolled in WIHS with confirmed HIV results, 2487 (95%) were tested for HTLV-I and HTLV-II. Of these, 241 (10%) were HTLV-II-seropositive and 13 (0.5%) were HTLV-I-seropositive. On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of HTLV-II infection included injection drug use (OR = 5.2; p < .001), black race (OR = 3.6; p < 0.001), age >35 years (OR = 3.3; p < .001) and a history of sex with a male injecting drug user (OR = 1.9; p < .001). Among women infected with HIV, the seroprevalence of HTLV-II was 11% compared with 6% for women at risk for HIV but not infected (p < .001). However, HIV was not an independent predictor of HTLV-II infection in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: This cross-sectional analysis confirms that HTLV-II is found commonly in HIV-infected women and uninfected women at risk for HIV in major urban areas throughout the United States and that HTLV-II is far more common than HTLV-I in these populations. Although injecting drug use is most strongly associated with HTLV-II infection, sexual transmission likely contributes to the high HTLV-II seroprevalence in this cohort.
KW - HTLV-I
KW - HTLV-II
KW - Seroprevalence
KW - Women
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032535317&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0032535317&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/00042560-199812150-00011
DO - 10.1097/00042560-199812150-00011
M3 - Article
C2 - 9859966
AN - SCOPUS:0032535317
SN - 1525-4135
VL - 19
SP - 513
EP - 518
JO - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
JF - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
IS - 5
ER -
