TY - JOUR
T1 - Role of Choline in the Modulation of Degenerative Processes
T2 - In Vivo and in Vitro Studies
AU - Merinas-Amo, Tania
AU - Tasset-Cuevas, Inmaculada
AU - DÍaz-Carretero, Antonio M.
AU - Alonso-Moraga, Ángeles
AU - Calahorro, Fernando
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. and Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2017.
PY - 2017/3
Y1 - 2017/3
N2 - The purpose of the present study was to examine the nutraceutical potential of choline as an added value to its well-known brain nutrient role. Several toxicity, antitoxicity, genotoxicity, antigenotoxicity, and longevity endpoints were checked in the somatic mutation and recombination test in in vivo Drosophila animal model. Cytotoxicity in human leukemia-60 cell line (HL-60) promyelocytic and NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells, proapoptotic DNA fragmentation, comet assay, methylation status, and macroautophagy (MA) activity were tested in in vitro assays. Choline is not only safe but it is also able to protect against the DNA damage caused by an oxidative genotoxin. Moreover, it improves the life extension in the animal model. The in vitro results show that it is able to exhibit genetic damage against leukemia HL-60 cells. Single-strand breaks in DNA are observed at the molecular level in treatments with choline, although only a significant hypermethylation on the long interspersed elements-1 and a hypomethylation on the satellite-alpha DNA repetitive DNA sequences of HL-60 cells at the lowest concentration (0.447 mM) were observed. Besides, choline decreased MA at the lower assayed concentration and the MA response to topoisomerase inhibitor (etoposide) is maintained in the presence of treatment with 0.22 mM choline. Taking into account the hopeful results obtained in the in vivo and in vitro assays, choline could be proposed as a substance with an important nutraceutical value for different purposes.
AB - The purpose of the present study was to examine the nutraceutical potential of choline as an added value to its well-known brain nutrient role. Several toxicity, antitoxicity, genotoxicity, antigenotoxicity, and longevity endpoints were checked in the somatic mutation and recombination test in in vivo Drosophila animal model. Cytotoxicity in human leukemia-60 cell line (HL-60) promyelocytic and NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cells, proapoptotic DNA fragmentation, comet assay, methylation status, and macroautophagy (MA) activity were tested in in vitro assays. Choline is not only safe but it is also able to protect against the DNA damage caused by an oxidative genotoxin. Moreover, it improves the life extension in the animal model. The in vitro results show that it is able to exhibit genetic damage against leukemia HL-60 cells. Single-strand breaks in DNA are observed at the molecular level in treatments with choline, although only a significant hypermethylation on the long interspersed elements-1 and a hypomethylation on the satellite-alpha DNA repetitive DNA sequences of HL-60 cells at the lowest concentration (0.447 mM) were observed. Besides, choline decreased MA at the lower assayed concentration and the MA response to topoisomerase inhibitor (etoposide) is maintained in the presence of treatment with 0.22 mM choline. Taking into account the hopeful results obtained in the in vivo and in vitro assays, choline could be proposed as a substance with an important nutraceutical value for different purposes.
KW - Antigenotoxicity
KW - Antitoxicity
KW - Choline
KW - Cytotoxicity
KW - DNA damage
KW - Drosophila melanogaster
KW - HL-60 and NIH3T3 cell lines
KW - Longevity
KW - Macroautophagy
KW - Methylation status
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U2 - 10.1089/jmf.2016.0075
DO - 10.1089/jmf.2016.0075
M3 - Article
C2 - 28103133
AN - SCOPUS:85015694287
SN - 1096-620X
VL - 20
SP - 223
EP - 234
JO - Journal of Medicinal Food
JF - Journal of Medicinal Food
IS - 3
ER -