Outcomes of Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Compared With Chemotherapy Consolidation Alone for Non–High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Complete Remission in a Minority-Rich Inner-City Cohort With Limited Access to Allografts

D. Adrianzen Herrera, Noah Kornblum, Olga Derman, Lizamarie Bachier-Rodriguez, R. Alejandro Sica, A. Shastri, Murali Janakiram, Amit Verma, Ira Braunschweig, Ioannis Mantzaris

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction: In the United States, autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (autoHCT) has fallen out of favor over chemotherapy consolidation for non–high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) when allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is unfeasible, which is common in racial minorities because of donor registry under-representation and socioeconomic challenges. We compared autoHCT consolidation outcomes with chemotherapy alone in a minority-rich cohort in the Bronx. Patients and Methods: We identified adults with favorable or intermediate cytogenetic risk AML in first complete remission after induction at Montefiore Medical Center from 1999 to 2015, and analyzed 81 patients who received consolidation with ≥2 cycles of chemotherapy, of whom 28 received autoHCT. Results: The cohort predominantly consisted of ethnic/racial minorities (69%). Age, sex, race, presenting white cell count, and cytogenetic risk were similar between groups. The autoHCT group had longer relapse-free (RFS; 43 vs. 11 months; P = .003) and overall (OS) survival (not reached vs. 36 months; P = .043). Adjusted multivariable analysis showed significant benefit of autoHCT over chemotherapy alone for RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37-0.75; P < .001) and OS (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.40-0.95; P = .027). Conclusion: In this inner-city non–high-risk AML cohort, autoHCT provided OS and RFS benefit compared with chemotherapy alone. AutoHCT might constitute a valuable option for ethnic/racial minorities affected by significant barriers to alloHCT, whereas integration of measurable residual disease can help select patients more likely to benefit. Autologous transplantation consolidation for non–high-risk acute myeloid leukemia is less frequently used, yet not fully abandoned. We compared outcomes of consolidation strategies in a minority-rich cohort in the Bronx with limited access to allogeneic transplantation. Autologous transplantation conferred relapse-free and overall survival benefit over chemotherapy consolidation alone, the current standard in the United States, and it might constitute a valuable option for ethnic/racial minorities.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)516-521
Number of pages6
JournalClinical Lymphoma, Myeloma and Leukemia
Volume19
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2019

Keywords

  • Autologous transplant
  • Consolidation therapy
  • Cytogenetic risk
  • Ethnic minorities
  • Overall survival

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

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