Omics Approaches for Understanding Biogenesis, Composition and Functions of Fungal Extracellular Vesicles

Daniel Zamith-Miranda, Roberta Peres da Silva, Sneha P. Couvillion, Erin L. Bredeweg, Meagan C. Burnet, Carolina Coelho, Emma Camacho, Leonardo Nimrichter, Rosana Puccia, Igor C. Almeida, Arturo Casadevall, Marcio L. Rodrigues, Lysangela R. Alves, Joshua D. Nosanchuk, Ernesto S. Nakayasu

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer structures released by organisms from all kingdoms of life. The diverse biogenesis pathways of EVs result in a wide variety of physical properties and functions across different organisms. Fungal EVs were first described in 2007 and different omics approaches have been fundamental to understand their composition, biogenesis, and function. In this review, we discuss the role of omics in elucidating fungal EVs biology. Transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics have each enabled the molecular characterization of fungal EVs, providing evidence that these structures serve a wide array of functions, ranging from key carriers of cell wall biosynthetic machinery to virulence factors. Omics in combination with genetic approaches have been instrumental in determining both biogenesis and cargo loading into EVs. We also discuss how omics technologies are being employed to elucidate the role of EVs in antifungal resistance, disease biomarkers, and their potential use as vaccines. Finally, we review recent advances in analytical technology and multi-omic integration tools, which will help to address key knowledge gaps in EVs biology and translate basic research information into urgently needed clinical applications such as diagnostics, and immuno- and chemotherapies to fungal infections.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number648524
JournalFrontiers in Genetics
Volume12
DOIs
StatePublished - May 3 2021

Keywords

  • extracellular vesicles
  • fungi
  • lipidomics
  • metabolomics
  • proteomics
  • systems biology
  • transcriptomics
  • virulence

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Molecular Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Genetics(clinical)

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