TY - JOUR
T1 - Nutrition Assessment and Hormonal Influences on Body Composition in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease
AU - Graf, Lauren
AU - Candelaria, Sabrina
AU - Doyle, Maya
AU - Kaskel, Frederick
PY - 2007/4
Y1 - 2007/4
N2 - Malnutrition is a serious complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the pediatric population. Management of the nutritional status of children presents the challenge of ensuring sufficient energy to promote linear growth, development of brain and organs, and maintenance of appropriate fat and muscle stores, while preventing excess protein intake and controlling electrolytes. Aggressive nutrition intervention in the early stages of CKD may be critical in the prevention of more serious complications further in the disease process. Nutrition assessment involves analysis of dietary intake, anthropometric parameters, and laboratory data. Currently, no guidelines are available for nutritional management of pediatric patients with CKD before the onset of dialysis. The content and algorithms in this article are intended to serve as a guide in the management of the nutritional status of children with CKD. Although adequate calorie and protein intake is critical in prevention of malnutrition, it is only part of a complex mechanism in the development of cachexia in CKD. Research suggests that the effects of inflammatory cytokines and hormones such as leptin and ghrelin play a role in the development of malnutrition in CKD. As a more thorough understanding of this mechanism emerges, new treatments aimed at inhibiting cachexia can be developed.
AB - Malnutrition is a serious complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the pediatric population. Management of the nutritional status of children presents the challenge of ensuring sufficient energy to promote linear growth, development of brain and organs, and maintenance of appropriate fat and muscle stores, while preventing excess protein intake and controlling electrolytes. Aggressive nutrition intervention in the early stages of CKD may be critical in the prevention of more serious complications further in the disease process. Nutrition assessment involves analysis of dietary intake, anthropometric parameters, and laboratory data. Currently, no guidelines are available for nutritional management of pediatric patients with CKD before the onset of dialysis. The content and algorithms in this article are intended to serve as a guide in the management of the nutritional status of children with CKD. Although adequate calorie and protein intake is critical in prevention of malnutrition, it is only part of a complex mechanism in the development of cachexia in CKD. Research suggests that the effects of inflammatory cytokines and hormones such as leptin and ghrelin play a role in the development of malnutrition in CKD. As a more thorough understanding of this mechanism emerges, new treatments aimed at inhibiting cachexia can be developed.
KW - Nutrition assessment
KW - altered metabolism
KW - chronic renal insufficiency
KW - cytokines
KW - malnutrition
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33947523798&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33947523798&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1053/j.ackd.2007.01.015
DO - 10.1053/j.ackd.2007.01.015
M3 - Article
C2 - 17395125
AN - SCOPUS:33947523798
SN - 1548-5595
VL - 14
SP - 215
EP - 223
JO - Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
JF - Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
IS - 2
ER -