Nitric oxide counteracts the hyperoxia-induced proliferation and proinflammatory responses of mouse astrocytes

Christie J. Bruno, Todd M. Greco, Harry Ischiropoulos

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Preclinical studies in the premature baboon evaluating the efficacy and potential toxicity of inhaled nitric oxide indicated a significant effect on astrocyte area density, suggesting phenotypic and functional changes in astrocytes upon exposure to nitric oxide. However, the effects of nitric oxide and oxygen, the two major therapeutic gases utilized in neonatal intensive care, on astrocyte morphology and function remain vastly unknown. Herein, we report that exposure of mouse neonatal cortical astrocytes to hyperoxia results in a proinflammatory phenotype and increase in proliferation without significant changes in cellular morphology or levels of intermediate filament proteins. The proinflammatory phenotype was evident by a significant increase in cellular levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and a concomitant increase in prostaglandin E 2 secretion, a decline in the intracellular and secreted levels of apolipoprotein E, and a significant increase in the intracellular levels of clusterin. This proinflammatory phenotype was not evident upon simultaneous exposure to hyperoxia and nitric oxide. These results suggest that exposure to nitric oxide in the setting of hyperoxia confers unrecognized beneficial effects by suppressing astrocytic inflammation.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)474-479
Number of pages6
JournalFree Radical Biology and Medicine
Volume51
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 15 2011
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Astrocytes
  • Free radicals
  • Hyperoxia
  • Inflammation
  • Nitric oxide
  • Oxygen

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology (medical)

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