Multiparametric MRI for early identification of therapeutic response in recurrent glioblastoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

Joseph Song, Priyanka Kadaba, Amanda Kravitz, Adilia Hormigo, Joshua Friedman, Puneet Belani, Constantinos Hadjipanayis, Benjamin M. Ellingson, Kambiz Nael

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background. Physiologic changes quantified by diffusion and perfusion MRI have shown utility in predicting treatment response in glioblastoma (GBM) patients treated with cytotoxic therapies. We aimed to investigate whether quantitative changes in diffusion and perfusion after treatment by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) would determine 6-month progression-free survival (PFS6) in patients with recurrent GBM. Methods. Inclusion criteria for this retrospective study were: (i) diagnosis of recurrent GBM treated with ICIs and (ii) availability of diffusion and perfusion in pre and post ICI MRI (iii) at ≥6 months follow-up from treatment. After co-registration, mean values of the relative apparent diffusion coefficient (rADC), Ktrans (volume transfer constant), Ve (extravascular extracellular space volume) and Vp (plasma volume), and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were calculated from a volume-of-interest of the enhancing tumor. Final assignment of stable/improved versus progressive disease was determined on 6-month follow-up using modified Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology criteria. Results. Out of 19 patients who met inclusion criteria and follow-up (mean ± SD: 7.8 ± 1.4 mo), 12 were determined to have tumor progression, while 7 had treatment response after 6 months of ICI treatment. Only interval change of rADC was suggestive of treatment response. Patients with treatment response (6/7: 86%) had interval increased rADC, while 11/12 (92%) with tumor progression had decreased rADC (P = 0.001). Interval change in rCBV, Ktrans, Vp, and Ve were not indicative of treatment response within 6 months. Conclusions. In patients with recurrent GBM, interval change in rADC is promising in assessing treatment response versus progression within the first 6 months following ICI treatment.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1658-1666
Number of pages9
JournalNeuro-Oncology
Volume22
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1 2020
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Glioblastoma
  • Immunotherapy
  • MR diffusion
  • MR perfusion
  • Treatment response

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Cancer Research

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