TY - JOUR
T1 - Mortality among people with HIV treated for tuberculosis based on positive, negative, or no bacteriologic test results for tuberculosis
T2 - The IEDEA consortium
AU - Humphrey, John M.
AU - Mpofu, Philani
AU - Pettit, April C.
AU - Musick, Beverly
AU - Carter, E. Jane
AU - Messou, Eugène
AU - Marcy, Olivier
AU - Crabtree-Ramirez, Brenda
AU - Yotebieng, Marcel
AU - Anastos, Kathryn
AU - Sterling, Timothy R.
AU - Yiannoutsos, Constantin
AU - Diero, Lameck
AU - Wools-Kaloustian, Kara
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful for the participation of the following IeDEA Collaborative sites: Brazil-INI-Fiocruz; Burundi-CPAMP-CHUK; Côte d'Ivoire-Centre Intégré de Recherches Biocliniques d'Abidjan (CIRBA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Cocody, CREF/SMIT, Medicine Interne; Honduras-IHHS; Kenya -AMPATH; Mexico-INCMNSZ; Peru-IMTAvH, CoVIHS; République Démocratique du Congo-Bomoi Health Centre, Kalembelembe Paediatric Hospital; Rwanda-Rwanda Military Hospital; Tanzania-National AIDS Control Programme, Tumbi Regional Hospital, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre-Kisesa Clinic; Uganda-Masaka Regional Hospital. A complete listing of participating programs and members can be found in Supplementary Table 9. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under the following award numbers: K08 AI104352 (April Pettit, PI), UL1 TR000445 (Vanderbilt Clinical and Translational Science Award), U01 AI096299 (Central Africa IeDEA), U01 AI069919 (Western Africa IeDEA), U01 AI069911 (Eastern Africa IeDEA), U01 AI069923 (CCASAnet IeDEA), and U01 AI096186 (IeDEA Network Coordinating Center). It has also been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the terms of Cooperative Agreement No. AID-623-A-12-0001.
Funding Information:
Financial support. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under the following award numbers: K08 AI104352 (April Pettit, PI), UL1 TR000445 (Vanderbilt Clinical and Translational Science Award), U01 AI096299 (Central Africa IeDEA), U01 AI069919 (Western Africa IeDEA), U01 AI069911 (Eastern Africa IeDEA), U01 AI069923 (CCASAnet IeDEA), and U01 AI096186 (IeDEA Network Coordinating Center). It has also been supported by the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the terms of Cooperative Agreement No. AID-623-A-12-0001. Disclaimer. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NIH, PEPFAR, or USAID.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - Background. In resource-constrained settings, many people with HIV (PWH) are treated for tuberculosis (TB) without bacteriologic testing. Their mortality compared with those with bacteriologic testing is uncertain. Methods. We conducted an observational cohort study among PWH ≥15 years of age initiating TB treatment at sites affiliated with 4 International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS consortium regions from 2012 to 2014: Caribbean, Central and South America, and Central, East, and West Africa. The exposure of interest was the TB bacteriologic test status at TB treatment initiation: positive, negative, or no test result. The hazard of death in the 12 months after TB treatment initiation was estimated using a Cox proportional hazard model. Missing covariate values were multiply imputed. Results. In 2091 PWH, median age 36 years, 53% had CD4 counts ≤200 cells/mm3, and 52% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at TB treatment initiation. The adjusted hazard of death was higher in patients with no test compared with those with positive test results (hazard ratio [HR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-2.26). The hazard of death was also higher among those with negative compared with positive tests but was not statistically significant (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.91-1.81). Being on ART, having a higher CD4 count, and tertiary facility level were associated with a lower hazard for death. Conclusions. There was some evidence that PWH treated for TB with no bacteriologic test results were at higher risk of death than those with positive tests. Research is needed to understand the causes of death in PWH treated for TB without bacteriologic testing.
AB - Background. In resource-constrained settings, many people with HIV (PWH) are treated for tuberculosis (TB) without bacteriologic testing. Their mortality compared with those with bacteriologic testing is uncertain. Methods. We conducted an observational cohort study among PWH ≥15 years of age initiating TB treatment at sites affiliated with 4 International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS consortium regions from 2012 to 2014: Caribbean, Central and South America, and Central, East, and West Africa. The exposure of interest was the TB bacteriologic test status at TB treatment initiation: positive, negative, or no test result. The hazard of death in the 12 months after TB treatment initiation was estimated using a Cox proportional hazard model. Missing covariate values were multiply imputed. Results. In 2091 PWH, median age 36 years, 53% had CD4 counts ≤200 cells/mm3, and 52% were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at TB treatment initiation. The adjusted hazard of death was higher in patients with no test compared with those with positive test results (hazard ratio [HR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-2.26). The hazard of death was also higher among those with negative compared with positive tests but was not statistically significant (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.91-1.81). Being on ART, having a higher CD4 count, and tertiary facility level were associated with a lower hazard for death. Conclusions. There was some evidence that PWH treated for TB with no bacteriologic test results were at higher risk of death than those with positive tests. Research is needed to understand the causes of death in PWH treated for TB without bacteriologic testing.
KW - Adults
KW - Epidemiology
KW - HIV
KW - Mortality
KW - Tuberculosis
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U2 - 10.1093/ofid/ofaa006
DO - 10.1093/ofid/ofaa006
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85083064759
VL - 7
JO - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
JF - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
SN - 2328-8957
IS - 1
ER -