TY - JOUR
T1 - Mindfulness training for smoking cessation
T2 - Results from a randomized controlled trial
AU - Brewer, Judson A.
AU - Mallik, Sarah
AU - Babuscio, Theresa A.
AU - Nich, Charla
AU - Johnson, Hayley E.
AU - Deleone, Cameron M.
AU - Minnix-Cotton, Candace A.
AU - Byrne, Shannon A.
AU - Kober, Hedy
AU - Weinstein, Andrea J.
AU - Carroll, Kathleen M.
AU - Rounsaville, Bruce J.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was funded by the following grants: NIDA K12-DA00167, P50-DA09241, K05-DA00457, K05-DA00089, UL 1 DE019586-02, and the U.S. Veterans Affairs New England Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC). The NIDA and VA had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
PY - 2011/12/1
Y1 - 2011/12/1
N2 - Background: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the world, and long-term abstinence rates remain modest. Mindfulness training (MT) has begun to show benefits in a number of psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety and more recently, in addictions. However, MT has not been evaluated for smoking cessation through randomized clinical trials. Methods: 88 treatment-seeking, nicotine-dependent adults who were smoking an average of 20. cigarettes/day were randomly assigned to receive MT or the American Lung Association's freedom from smoking (FFS) treatment. Both treatments were delivered twice weekly over 4 weeks (eight sessions total) in a group format. The primary outcomes were expired-air carbon monoxide-confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence and number of cigarettes/day at the end of the 4-week treatment and at a follow-up interview at week 17. Results: 88% of individuals received MT and 84% of individuals received FFS completed treatment. Compared to those randomized to the FFS intervention, individuals who received MT showed a greater rate of reduction in cigarette use during treatment and maintained these gains during follow-up (F= 11.11, p= .001). They also exhibited a trend toward greater point prevalence abstinence rate at the end of treatment (36% vs. 15%, p= .063), which was significant at the 17-week follow-up (31% vs. 6%, p= .012). Conclusions: This initial trial of mindfulness training may confer benefits greater than those associated with current standard treatments for smoking cessation.
AB - Background: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the world, and long-term abstinence rates remain modest. Mindfulness training (MT) has begun to show benefits in a number of psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety and more recently, in addictions. However, MT has not been evaluated for smoking cessation through randomized clinical trials. Methods: 88 treatment-seeking, nicotine-dependent adults who were smoking an average of 20. cigarettes/day were randomly assigned to receive MT or the American Lung Association's freedom from smoking (FFS) treatment. Both treatments were delivered twice weekly over 4 weeks (eight sessions total) in a group format. The primary outcomes were expired-air carbon monoxide-confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence and number of cigarettes/day at the end of the 4-week treatment and at a follow-up interview at week 17. Results: 88% of individuals received MT and 84% of individuals received FFS completed treatment. Compared to those randomized to the FFS intervention, individuals who received MT showed a greater rate of reduction in cigarette use during treatment and maintained these gains during follow-up (F= 11.11, p= .001). They also exhibited a trend toward greater point prevalence abstinence rate at the end of treatment (36% vs. 15%, p= .063), which was significant at the 17-week follow-up (31% vs. 6%, p= .012). Conclusions: This initial trial of mindfulness training may confer benefits greater than those associated with current standard treatments for smoking cessation.
KW - Addiction
KW - Behavioral treatment
KW - Mindfulness
KW - Nicotine dependence
KW - Tobacco
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U2 - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.027
DO - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.027
M3 - Article
C2 - 21723049
AN - SCOPUS:80055022973
VL - 119
SP - 72
EP - 80
JO - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
JF - Drug and Alcohol Dependence
SN - 0376-8716
IS - 1-2
ER -