TY - JOUR
T1 - Millions dead
T2 - How do we know and what does it mean? Methods used in the comparative risk assessment of household air pollution
AU - Smith, Kirk R.
AU - Bruce, Nigel
AU - Balakrishnan, Kalpana
AU - Adair-Rohani, Heather
AU - Balmes, John
AU - Chafe, Zoë
AU - Dherani, Mukesh
AU - Hosgood, H. Dean
AU - Mehta, Sumi
AU - Pope, Daniel
AU - Rehfuess, Eva
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - In the Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA) done as part of the Global Burden of Disease project (GBD-2010), the global and regional burdens of household air pollution (HAP) due to the use of solid cookfuels, were estimated along with 60+ other risk factors. This article describes how the HAP CRA was framed; how global HAP exposures were modeled; how diseases were judged to have sufficient evidence for inclusion; and how meta-Analyses and exposure-response modeling were done to estimate relative risks. We explore relationships with the other air pollution risk factors: Ambient air pollution, smoking, and secondhand smoke. We conclude with sensitivity analyses to illustrate some of the major uncertainties and recommendations for future work. We estimate that in 2010 HAP was responsible for 3.9 million premature deaths and ∼4.8% of lost healthy life years (DALYs), ranking it highest among environmental risk factors examined and one of the major risk factors of any type globally.
AB - In the Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA) done as part of the Global Burden of Disease project (GBD-2010), the global and regional burdens of household air pollution (HAP) due to the use of solid cookfuels, were estimated along with 60+ other risk factors. This article describes how the HAP CRA was framed; how global HAP exposures were modeled; how diseases were judged to have sufficient evidence for inclusion; and how meta-Analyses and exposure-response modeling were done to estimate relative risks. We explore relationships with the other air pollution risk factors: Ambient air pollution, smoking, and secondhand smoke. We conclude with sensitivity analyses to illustrate some of the major uncertainties and recommendations for future work. We estimate that in 2010 HAP was responsible for 3.9 million premature deaths and ∼4.8% of lost healthy life years (DALYs), ranking it highest among environmental risk factors examined and one of the major risk factors of any type globally.
KW - DALY
KW - Global Burden of Disease
KW - Household fuels
KW - IER
KW - Indoor air pollution
KW - Integrated exposure-response
KW - Solid cookfuels
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U2 - 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182356
DO - 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182356
M3 - Article
C2 - 24641558
AN - SCOPUS:84897051244
SN - 0163-7525
VL - 35
SP - 185
EP - 206
JO - Annual Review of Public Health
JF - Annual Review of Public Health
ER -