Mediastinoscopy

Although lung cancer deaths have declined over the years primarily from smoking cessation, it remains as the most common cause of cancer deaths. Early diagnosis and staging can improve survival rates. Diagnostic tissue samples by minimally invasive procedures are typically the first options; however, surgical mediastinoscopy remains the gold standard and is recommended for suspicious lesions. General anesthesia is often the preferred technique for these procedures given the potential for cardiopulmonary compromise and perioperative complications. Appropriate placement of monitors and clinical vigilance can help minimize the risk for adverse events. The communication between the surgical and anesthesiology teams is key for the safe management of these patients.