Measuring bioimpedance in the human uterine cervix: Towards early detection of preterm labor

We have created a bioimpedance probe designed to detect subtle changes in human cervical tissue composition in vivo, and thereby detect the onset of cervical remodeling in a non-invasive manner sooner than existing clinical methods allow. Our cervical bioimpedance measurement device, which can be used during a routine pelvic examination, is composed of a contoured probe with disposable tip and, within the probe's handle, a bioimpedance sensor equipped with an integrated chip capable of generating sinusoidal voltage of varying frequencies. A constant force spring assures consistent measurements through a range of contact forces applied. An activation switch allows the operator to control the application of current. The sensor can be synchronized with a computer data storage and analysis system, which interfaces with the device. With the probe placed in contact with a collagen gels of varying concentration, the relationship between measured bioimpedance and collagen concentration is verified to be positive exponential (R ² = 0.94) and repeatability in saline solution showed that measurements varied by less than ±10% over 20 trials. Finally, a variety of user-applied forces showed that impedance values plateau when forces exceed 1N.