TY - JOUR
T1 - Low-dose naloxone does not improve morphine-induced nausea, vomiting, or pruritus
AU - Greenwald, Peter W.
AU - Provataris, Jennifer
AU - Coffey, John
AU - Bijur, Polly
AU - Gallagher, E. John
PY - 2005/1
Y1 - 2005/1
N2 - We tested the hypothesis that low-dose naloxone delivered with intravenous (IV) bolus morphine to emergency department patients in pain would reduce nausea. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients receiving 0.10 mg/kg morphine IV bolus rated pain, nausea, and pruritus on 100-mm visual analog scales at enrollment and 20 minutes. Patients were randomized to 0.25 μg/kg naloxone or equal volume placebo administered with IV morphine. One hundred thirty-one enrolled, 99 (76%) treated according to protocol with sufficient data for analysis. At 20 minutes the difference between groups (naloxone-placebo) was 1 mm (95% CI [confidence interval], -9 to 11) for nausea, 1 mm (95% CI, -3 to 3) for pruritus, 4% (95% CI, -1 to 9) for vomiting, and 0% (95% CI, -5 to 5) for rescue antiemetics. Pain was significantly reduced in both groups. Addition of 0.25 μg/kg naloxone to bolus morphine does not improve nausea, pruritus, vomiting, or reduce use of rescue antiemetics when administered to emergency department patients in pain.
AB - We tested the hypothesis that low-dose naloxone delivered with intravenous (IV) bolus morphine to emergency department patients in pain would reduce nausea. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients receiving 0.10 mg/kg morphine IV bolus rated pain, nausea, and pruritus on 100-mm visual analog scales at enrollment and 20 minutes. Patients were randomized to 0.25 μg/kg naloxone or equal volume placebo administered with IV morphine. One hundred thirty-one enrolled, 99 (76%) treated according to protocol with sufficient data for analysis. At 20 minutes the difference between groups (naloxone-placebo) was 1 mm (95% CI [confidence interval], -9 to 11) for nausea, 1 mm (95% CI, -3 to 3) for pruritus, 4% (95% CI, -1 to 9) for vomiting, and 0% (95% CI, -5 to 5) for rescue antiemetics. Pain was significantly reduced in both groups. Addition of 0.25 μg/kg naloxone to bolus morphine does not improve nausea, pruritus, vomiting, or reduce use of rescue antiemetics when administered to emergency department patients in pain.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ajem.2004.01.001
DO - 10.1016/j.ajem.2004.01.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 15672335
AN - SCOPUS:12844262314
SN - 0735-6757
VL - 23
SP - 35
EP - 39
JO - American Journal of Emergency Medicine
JF - American Journal of Emergency Medicine
IS - 1
ER -