@article{e6b94a85659a405da6d292cafb37d33b,
title = "Local admixture of amplified and diversified secreted pathogenesis determinants shapes mosaic Toxoplasma gondii genomes",
abstract = "Toxoplasma gondii is among the most prevalent parasites worldwide, infecting many wild and domestic animals and causing zoonotic infections in humans. T. gondii differs substantially in its broad distribution from closely related parasites that typically have narrow, specialized host ranges. To elucidate the genetic basis for these differences, we compared the genomes of 62 globally distributed T. gondii isolates to several closely related coccidian parasites. Our findings reveal that tandem amplification and diversification of secretory pathogenesis determinants is the primary feature that distinguishes the closely related genomes of these biologically diverse parasites. We further show that the unusual population structure of T. gondii is characterized by clade-specific inheritance of large conserved haploblocks that are significantly enriched in tandemly clustered secretory pathogenesis determinants. The shared inheritance of these conserved haploblocks, which show a different ancestry than the genome as a whole, may thus influence transmission, host range and pathogenicity.",
author = "Hernan Lorenzi and Asis Khan and Behnke, {Michael S.} and Sivaranjani Namasivayam and Swapna, {Lakshmipuram S.} and Michalis Hadjithomas and Svetlana Karamycheva and Deborah Pinney and Brunk, {Brian P.} and Ajioka, {James W.} and Daniel Ajzenberg and Boothroyd, {John C.} and Boyle, {Jon P.} and Dard{\'e}, {Marie L.} and Diaz-Miranda, {Maria A.} and Dubey, {Jitender P.} and Fritz, {Heather M.} and Gennari, {Solange M.} and Gregory, {Brian D.} and Kami Kim and Saeij, {Jeroen P.J.} and Chunlei Su and White, {Michael W.} and Zhu, {Xing Quan} and Howe, {Daniel K.} and Rosenthal, {Benjamin M.} and Grigg, {Michael E.} and John Parkinson and Liang Liu and Kissinger, {Jessica C.} and Roos, {David S.} and Sibley, {L. David}",
note = "Funding Information: Sequencing, assembly and annotation for the Tg and Hh genomes reported here were supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services under contract number HHSN272200900007C. Additional analyses were provided by community-based efforts and included support from NIH grants AI059176 and AI036629 (L.D.S.) and the Canadian Institutes for Health Research grant MOP 84556 (J.P.). Data for the Sn annotation was generously provided by M.E.G. and J.P. prior to publication and was supported by the Intramural Research Program of NIAID at the NIH (M.E.G.). Additional computing resources were provided by the SciNet HPC Consortium. We acknowledge ToxoDB (http://toxodb.org/) for providing a publically available repository for all genomic data described here and for assistance in coordinating this study. OrthoMCL and ToxoDB are supported in part with funds from the NIAID, NIH, and Department of Health and Human Services under contract HHSN272201400030C (D.S.R. & J.C.K.). Funding Information: Sequencing, assembly and annotation for the Tg and Hh genomes reported here were supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services under contract number HHSN272200900007C. Additional analyses were provided by community-based efforts and included support from NIH grants AI059176 and AI036629 (L.D.S.) and the Canadian Institutes for Health Research grant MOP 84556 (J.P.). Data for the Sn annotation was generously provided by M.E.G. and J.P. prior to publication and was supported by the Intramural Research Program of NIAID at the NIH (M.E.G.). Additional computing resources were provided by the SciNet HPC Consortium. We acknowledge ToxoDB (http://toxodb.org/) for providing a publically available repository for all genomic data described here and for assistance in coordinating this study. OrthoMCL and ToxoDB are supported in part with funds from the NIAID, NIH, and Department of Health and Human Services under contract HHSN272201400030C (D.S.R. & J.C.K.).",
year = "2016",
month = jan,
day = "7",
doi = "10.1038/ncomms10147",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "7",
journal = "Nature communications",
issn = "2041-1723",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
}