TY - JOUR
T1 - Is obsessive-compulsive disorder an anxiety disorder?
AU - Bartz, Jennifer A.
AU - Hollander, Eric
N1 - Funding Information:
A number of neurotransmitter systems have been implicated in anxiety disorders, in particular monoaminergic transmitters (i.e., norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine), amino acid transmitters (i.e., gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate), and peptidergic neurotransmitters (i.e., corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH), neuropeptide Y, and substance P) ( Charney, 2003 ). Evidence for the role of specific neurotransmitters is supported by neurochemical, pharmacologic, and neuroimaging clinical investigations and by animal models.
PY - 2006/5
Y1 - 2006/5
N2 - Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is classified as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-IV-TR [American Psychiatric Association, 2000. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, Fourth ed., rev. Washington, DC: Author]; however, the notion of a spectrum of obsessive-compulsive (OC) related disorders that is comprised of such disparate disorders as OCD, body dysmorphic disorder, certain eating disorders, pathological gambling, and autism, is gaining acceptance. The fact that these disorders share obsessive-compulsive features and evidence similarities in patient characteristics, course, comorbidity, neurobiology, and treatment response raises the question of whether OCD is best conceptualized as an anxiety or an OC spectrum disorder. This article reviews evidence from comorbidity and family studies, as well as biological evidence related to neurocircuitry, neurotransmitter function, and pharmacologic treatment response that bear on this question. The implications of removing OCD from the anxiety disorders category and moving it to an OC spectrum disorders category, as is being proposed for the DSM-V, is discussed.
AB - Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is classified as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-IV-TR [American Psychiatric Association, 2000. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, Fourth ed., rev. Washington, DC: Author]; however, the notion of a spectrum of obsessive-compulsive (OC) related disorders that is comprised of such disparate disorders as OCD, body dysmorphic disorder, certain eating disorders, pathological gambling, and autism, is gaining acceptance. The fact that these disorders share obsessive-compulsive features and evidence similarities in patient characteristics, course, comorbidity, neurobiology, and treatment response raises the question of whether OCD is best conceptualized as an anxiety or an OC spectrum disorder. This article reviews evidence from comorbidity and family studies, as well as biological evidence related to neurocircuitry, neurotransmitter function, and pharmacologic treatment response that bear on this question. The implications of removing OCD from the anxiety disorders category and moving it to an OC spectrum disorders category, as is being proposed for the DSM-V, is discussed.
KW - Anxiety disorder
KW - Nosology
KW - Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
KW - Obsessive-compulsive spectrum
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33646038238&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33646038238&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.11.003
DO - 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.11.003
M3 - Review article
C2 - 16455175
AN - SCOPUS:33646038238
SN - 0278-5846
VL - 30
SP - 338
EP - 352
JO - Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
JF - Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
IS - 3
ER -