Abstract
Recent work in many laboratories has revealed that cytokines are important mediators of inflammation, host defense, and tissue injury in a variety of neurological diseases. A role for astrocytes and microglia in these diseases has been considered pivotal, since both cell types readily produce and respond to cytokines in vitro and show morphologic and immunocytochemical evidence for activation in vivo. Although much of the work documenting these events has been generated in rodent systems, our laboratory has focused on human cell culture systems to define the nature of the activating signals for human microglia and astrocytes and their responses to activating cytokines and growth factors and evidence for activation. The results have shown that interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a potent activator of human astrocytes and induces cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6, and is a potent activator of nitric oxide generation in astrocytes. Astrocytes also promote microglial growth and differentiation through production of colony-stimulating factors, an activity that is enhanced following activation with IL-1. This review will summarize the human glia data generated in this and other laboratories and present hypotheses how glia may participate in certain human central nervous system diseases.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 345-354 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | Brain Behavior and Immunity |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 1995 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
- Behavioral Neuroscience
- Immunology
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Interleukin-1, Nitric Oxide and Reactive Astrocytes. / Lee, S. C.; Dickson, D. W.; Brosnan, C. F.
In: Brain Behavior and Immunity, Vol. 9, No. 4, 12.1995, p. 345-354.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Interleukin-1, Nitric Oxide and Reactive Astrocytes
AU - Lee, S. C.
AU - Dickson, D. W.
AU - Brosnan, C. F.
PY - 1995/12
Y1 - 1995/12
N2 - Recent work in many laboratories has revealed that cytokines are important mediators of inflammation, host defense, and tissue injury in a variety of neurological diseases. A role for astrocytes and microglia in these diseases has been considered pivotal, since both cell types readily produce and respond to cytokines in vitro and show morphologic and immunocytochemical evidence for activation in vivo. Although much of the work documenting these events has been generated in rodent systems, our laboratory has focused on human cell culture systems to define the nature of the activating signals for human microglia and astrocytes and their responses to activating cytokines and growth factors and evidence for activation. The results have shown that interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a potent activator of human astrocytes and induces cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6, and is a potent activator of nitric oxide generation in astrocytes. Astrocytes also promote microglial growth and differentiation through production of colony-stimulating factors, an activity that is enhanced following activation with IL-1. This review will summarize the human glia data generated in this and other laboratories and present hypotheses how glia may participate in certain human central nervous system diseases.
AB - Recent work in many laboratories has revealed that cytokines are important mediators of inflammation, host defense, and tissue injury in a variety of neurological diseases. A role for astrocytes and microglia in these diseases has been considered pivotal, since both cell types readily produce and respond to cytokines in vitro and show morphologic and immunocytochemical evidence for activation in vivo. Although much of the work documenting these events has been generated in rodent systems, our laboratory has focused on human cell culture systems to define the nature of the activating signals for human microglia and astrocytes and their responses to activating cytokines and growth factors and evidence for activation. The results have shown that interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a potent activator of human astrocytes and induces cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6, and is a potent activator of nitric oxide generation in astrocytes. Astrocytes also promote microglial growth and differentiation through production of colony-stimulating factors, an activity that is enhanced following activation with IL-1. This review will summarize the human glia data generated in this and other laboratories and present hypotheses how glia may participate in certain human central nervous system diseases.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0029611121&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1006/brbi.1995.1032
DO - 10.1006/brbi.1995.1032
M3 - Article
C2 - 8903851
AN - SCOPUS:0029611121
VL - 9
SP - 345
EP - 354
JO - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
JF - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
SN - 0889-1591
IS - 4
ER -