In vivo action of enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitors of glutamic acid decarboxylase and γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase in retina vs. brain

J. F. Cubells, J. S. Blanchard, D. M. Smith, M. H. Makman

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

The effects of low s.c. doses of γ-acetylenic γ-aminobutyric acid (GAG) on glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T) activities, as well as of γ-vinyl GABA (GVG) and gabaculine on GABA-T activities, were examined using preparations from retina and several other regions of rat central nervous system (CNS). GAG, in doses of 5 to 50 mg/kg, inactivated retinal GAD to a significantly greater degree than GAD from any other CNS region studied. Retinal GABA-T activities were also differentially inactivated by 1 to 50 mg/kg of GAG, 50 mg/kg of GVG, or 1 and 5 mg/kg of gabaculine. GAG, in doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg, more completely inactivated GAD and GABA-T in frontal cortex than in other brain regions. Frontal cortical GABA-T was not differentially inactivated by 10 and 50 mg/kg of GVG or 1 and 5 mg/kg of gabaculine. The effects of GAG on retinal GABA enzymes were long-lasting and not reversed by dialysis. The GAD and GABA-T activities from 1:1 mixes of control and GAG-treated retinal preparations were comparable to the means of the GAG-treated and control activities. The effects documented in this study, therefore, probably reflect irreversible in vivo changes. After peripheral administration, GAG, GVG and gabaculine might reach higher levels in the retina than in the brain. Alternatively, the differential effects of these compounds might be due to the relative proportions of catalytically active GABA enzymes in different CNS regions. On the basis of the foregoing results, the retina might be a particularly suitable region of the CNS for enzyme-activated irreversible inhibitors to label catalytically active enzymes of GABA metabolism.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)508-514
Number of pages7
JournalJournal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Volume238
Issue number2
StatePublished - 1986
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Molecular Medicine
  • Pharmacology

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