Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer: A prospective cohort study

Stephanie A.N. Silvera; Thomas E. Rohan; Meera Jain; Paul D. Terry; Geoffrey R. Howe; Anthony B. Miller

doi:10.1079/PHN2005741

Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer: A prospective cohort study

Stephanie A.N. Silvera, Thomas E. Rohan, Meera Jain, Paul D. Terry, Geoffrey R. Howe, Anthony B. Miller

Epidemiology & Population Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

51 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: High-glycaemic-load diets may increase endometrial cancer risk by increasing circulating insulin levels and, as a consequence, circulating oestrogen levels. Given the paucity of epidemiological data regarding the relationship between dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk, we sought to examine these associations using data from a prospective cohort study. Design, setting and subjects: We examined the association between dietary glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk in a cohort of 49613 Canadian women aged between 40 and 59 years at baseline who completed self-administered food-frequency questionnaires between 1982 and 1985. Linkages to national mortality and cancer databases yielded data on deaths and cancer incidence, with follow-up ending between 1998 and 2000. Results: During a mean of 16.4 years of follow-up, we observed 426 incident cases of endometrial cancer. Hazard ratios for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of overall glycaemic index and glycaemic load were 1.47 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.90-2.41; P for trend = 0.14) and 1.36 (95% CI = 1.01-1.84; P for trend = 0.21), respectively. No association was observed between total carbohydrate or total sugar consumption and endometrial cancer risk. Among obese women (body mass index >30 kg m^-2) the hazard ratio for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load was 1.88 (95% CI = 1.08-3.29; P for trend = 0.54) and there was a 55% increased risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load among premenopausal women. There was also evidence to support a positive association between glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women who had used hormone replacement therapy. Conclusions: Our data suggest that diets with high glycaemic index or high glycaemic load may be associated with endometrial cancer risk overall, and particularly among obese women, premenopausal women and postmenopausal women who use hormone replacement therapy.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	912-919
Number of pages	8
Journal	Public Health Nutrition
Volume	8
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1079/PHN2005741
State	Published - Oct 2005

Keywords

Endometrial neoplasms
Glycaemic index
Glycaemic load
National Breast Screening Study
Prospective cohort

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Medicine (miscellaneous)
Nutrition and Dietetics
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1079/PHN2005741

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@article{964e18d862774170b82e4a21bebd0c8b,

title = "Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer: A prospective cohort study",

abstract = "Objective: High-glycaemic-load diets may increase endometrial cancer risk by increasing circulating insulin levels and, as a consequence, circulating oestrogen levels. Given the paucity of epidemiological data regarding the relationship between dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk, we sought to examine these associations using data from a prospective cohort study. Design, setting and subjects: We examined the association between dietary glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk in a cohort of 49613 Canadian women aged between 40 and 59 years at baseline who completed self-administered food-frequency questionnaires between 1982 and 1985. Linkages to national mortality and cancer databases yielded data on deaths and cancer incidence, with follow-up ending between 1998 and 2000. Results: During a mean of 16.4 years of follow-up, we observed 426 incident cases of endometrial cancer. Hazard ratios for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of overall glycaemic index and glycaemic load were 1.47 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.90-2.41; P for trend = 0.14) and 1.36 (95% CI = 1.01-1.84; P for trend = 0.21), respectively. No association was observed between total carbohydrate or total sugar consumption and endometrial cancer risk. Among obese women (body mass index >30 kg m-2) the hazard ratio for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load was 1.88 (95% CI = 1.08-3.29; P for trend = 0.54) and there was a 55% increased risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load among premenopausal women. There was also evidence to support a positive association between glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women who had used hormone replacement therapy. Conclusions: Our data suggest that diets with high glycaemic index or high glycaemic load may be associated with endometrial cancer risk overall, and particularly among obese women, premenopausal women and postmenopausal women who use hormone replacement therapy.",

keywords = "Endometrial neoplasms, Glycaemic index, Glycaemic load, National Breast Screening Study, Prospective cohort",

author = "Silvera, {Stephanie A.N.} and Rohan, {Thomas E.} and Meera Jain and Terry, {Paul D.} and Howe, {Geoffrey R.} and Miller, {Anthony B.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was funded in part by the National Cancer Institute of Canada. We thank Statistics Canada, the provincial and territorial Registrars of Vital Statistics, and the Cancer Registry directors for their assistance in making the cancer incidence and mortality data available.",

year = "2005",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1079/PHN2005741",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "8",

pages = "912--919",

journal = "Public Health Nutrition",

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publisher = "Cambridge University Press",

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T1 - Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer

T2 - A prospective cohort study

AU - Silvera, Stephanie A.N.

AU - Rohan, Thomas E.

AU - Jain, Meera

AU - Terry, Paul D.

AU - Howe, Geoffrey R.

AU - Miller, Anthony B.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was funded in part by the National Cancer Institute of Canada. We thank Statistics Canada, the provincial and territorial Registrars of Vital Statistics, and the Cancer Registry directors for their assistance in making the cancer incidence and mortality data available.

PY - 2005/10

Y1 - 2005/10

N2 - Objective: High-glycaemic-load diets may increase endometrial cancer risk by increasing circulating insulin levels and, as a consequence, circulating oestrogen levels. Given the paucity of epidemiological data regarding the relationship between dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk, we sought to examine these associations using data from a prospective cohort study. Design, setting and subjects: We examined the association between dietary glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk in a cohort of 49613 Canadian women aged between 40 and 59 years at baseline who completed self-administered food-frequency questionnaires between 1982 and 1985. Linkages to national mortality and cancer databases yielded data on deaths and cancer incidence, with follow-up ending between 1998 and 2000. Results: During a mean of 16.4 years of follow-up, we observed 426 incident cases of endometrial cancer. Hazard ratios for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of overall glycaemic index and glycaemic load were 1.47 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.90-2.41; P for trend = 0.14) and 1.36 (95% CI = 1.01-1.84; P for trend = 0.21), respectively. No association was observed between total carbohydrate or total sugar consumption and endometrial cancer risk. Among obese women (body mass index >30 kg m-2) the hazard ratio for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load was 1.88 (95% CI = 1.08-3.29; P for trend = 0.54) and there was a 55% increased risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load among premenopausal women. There was also evidence to support a positive association between glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women who had used hormone replacement therapy. Conclusions: Our data suggest that diets with high glycaemic index or high glycaemic load may be associated with endometrial cancer risk overall, and particularly among obese women, premenopausal women and postmenopausal women who use hormone replacement therapy.

AB - Objective: High-glycaemic-load diets may increase endometrial cancer risk by increasing circulating insulin levels and, as a consequence, circulating oestrogen levels. Given the paucity of epidemiological data regarding the relationship between dietary glycaemic index and glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk, we sought to examine these associations using data from a prospective cohort study. Design, setting and subjects: We examined the association between dietary glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk in a cohort of 49613 Canadian women aged between 40 and 59 years at baseline who completed self-administered food-frequency questionnaires between 1982 and 1985. Linkages to national mortality and cancer databases yielded data on deaths and cancer incidence, with follow-up ending between 1998 and 2000. Results: During a mean of 16.4 years of follow-up, we observed 426 incident cases of endometrial cancer. Hazard ratios for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of overall glycaemic index and glycaemic load were 1.47 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.90-2.41; P for trend = 0.14) and 1.36 (95% CI = 1.01-1.84; P for trend = 0.21), respectively. No association was observed between total carbohydrate or total sugar consumption and endometrial cancer risk. Among obese women (body mass index >30 kg m-2) the hazard ratio for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load was 1.88 (95% CI = 1.08-3.29; P for trend = 0.54) and there was a 55% increased risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile level of glycaemic load among premenopausal women. There was also evidence to support a positive association between glycaemic load and endometrial cancer risk among postmenopausal women who had used hormone replacement therapy. Conclusions: Our data suggest that diets with high glycaemic index or high glycaemic load may be associated with endometrial cancer risk overall, and particularly among obese women, premenopausal women and postmenopausal women who use hormone replacement therapy.

KW - Endometrial neoplasms

KW - Glycaemic index

KW - Glycaemic load

KW - National Breast Screening Study

KW - Prospective cohort

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Glycaemic index, glycaemic load and risk of endometrial cancer: A prospective cohort study

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ASJC Scopus subject areas

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