TY - JOUR
T1 - From parenteral to enteral nutrition
T2 - A nutrition-based approach for evaluating postnatal growth failure in preterm infants
AU - Miller, Malki
AU - Vaidya, Ruben
AU - Rastogi, Deepa
AU - Bhutada, Alok
AU - Rastogi, Shantanu
PY - 2014/5
Y1 - 2014/5
N2 - Background: Nutrition practices for preterm infants include phases of parenteral nutrition (PN), full enteral nutrition (EN), and the transitional phase in between. Our aim was to identify the nutrition phases during which infants are most likely to exhibit poor growth that would affect risk for growth failure (GF) at discharge and to examine factors associated with GF. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on infants born <32 weeks' gestation. The neonatal intensive care unit stay was divided into 3 nutrition phases: (1) full PN, (2) transitional PN + EN, and (3) full EN. Weekly growth rates were calculated, and for each growth velocity <10 g/kg/d, the coinciding phase was recorded. GF was defined as a discharge weight below the 10th percentile. The nutrition phases during which growth inadequacy predicted GF at discharge were determined, correcting for other clinical factors associated with GF. Results: In total, 156 eligible infants were identified. Seventy-six infants (49%) were discharged with weights <10%. Incidence of poor growth was highest during the transitional phase (46%) and was predictive of GF when adjusted for gestational age, birth weight, and severity of illness. Although energy intakes during the transitional phase were comparable to baseline parenteral provision, protein intakes progressively decreased (P <.0001), consistently providing <3 g/kg/d as PN was weaned. Serum urea nitrogen also declined and was correlated with protein intake (r = -0.32, P <.001). Conclusion: Growth was compromised during the transitional phase, likely related to decreased protein intake. Optimizing protein provision while PN is weaned is an important strategy to prevent postnatal growth failure.
AB - Background: Nutrition practices for preterm infants include phases of parenteral nutrition (PN), full enteral nutrition (EN), and the transitional phase in between. Our aim was to identify the nutrition phases during which infants are most likely to exhibit poor growth that would affect risk for growth failure (GF) at discharge and to examine factors associated with GF. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on infants born <32 weeks' gestation. The neonatal intensive care unit stay was divided into 3 nutrition phases: (1) full PN, (2) transitional PN + EN, and (3) full EN. Weekly growth rates were calculated, and for each growth velocity <10 g/kg/d, the coinciding phase was recorded. GF was defined as a discharge weight below the 10th percentile. The nutrition phases during which growth inadequacy predicted GF at discharge were determined, correcting for other clinical factors associated with GF. Results: In total, 156 eligible infants were identified. Seventy-six infants (49%) were discharged with weights <10%. Incidence of poor growth was highest during the transitional phase (46%) and was predictive of GF when adjusted for gestational age, birth weight, and severity of illness. Although energy intakes during the transitional phase were comparable to baseline parenteral provision, protein intakes progressively decreased (P <.0001), consistently providing <3 g/kg/d as PN was weaned. Serum urea nitrogen also declined and was correlated with protein intake (r = -0.32, P <.001). Conclusion: Growth was compromised during the transitional phase, likely related to decreased protein intake. Optimizing protein provision while PN is weaned is an important strategy to prevent postnatal growth failure.
KW - blood urea nitrogen
KW - parenteral nutrition
KW - postnatal growth failure
KW - preterm infant
KW - protein
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U2 - 10.1177/0148607113487926
DO - 10.1177/0148607113487926
M3 - Article
C2 - 23674574
AN - SCOPUS:84899509232
SN - 0148-6071
VL - 38
SP - 489
EP - 497
JO - Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
JF - Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
IS - 4
ER -