TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of smoking cessation and tobacco type on the risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract in Brazil
AU - Schlecht, Nicolas F.
AU - Franco, Eduardo L.
AU - Pintos, Javier
AU - Kowalski, Luiz P.
PY - 1999/7
Y1 - 1999/7
N2 - Tobacco smoking has long been identified as the most important risk factor for upper aero-digestive tract cancers. To investigate the effect of different tobacco types and the benefit of smoking cessation, we analyzed data from a case-control study of 784 cases of mouth, pharynx, and larynx cancers and 1,578 non-cancer controls in three metropolitan hospital areas in Brazil. Subjects were interviewed as to their smoking and drinking habits, demographics, environmental exposures, occupational history, health characteristics, and diet. Controlling for total tobacco and alcohol consumption, risks for ex-smokers compared with current smokers decreased substantially with time since cessation of the habit. Compared with never smokers, ex-smokers of >20 years had a relative risk (RR) of 1.98 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0-3.8] for all upper aero-digestive tract cancers. RRs for long-term (>20 years) ex-smokers tended to be lower for mouth (RR = 1.61) and pharynx (RR = 1.52) than for larynx (RR = 3.63) cancers. The benefit of quitting was strongest for commercial cigarettes (RR = 1.45, 95% CI = 0.7-3.0) for ex-smokers of >10 years, as compared with smoking of black tobacco (RR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.4-4.6), cigars (RR = 2.59, 95% CI = 0.6-11.6), and pipe tobacco (RR = 3.40, 95% CI = 1.3-8.8).
AB - Tobacco smoking has long been identified as the most important risk factor for upper aero-digestive tract cancers. To investigate the effect of different tobacco types and the benefit of smoking cessation, we analyzed data from a case-control study of 784 cases of mouth, pharynx, and larynx cancers and 1,578 non-cancer controls in three metropolitan hospital areas in Brazil. Subjects were interviewed as to their smoking and drinking habits, demographics, environmental exposures, occupational history, health characteristics, and diet. Controlling for total tobacco and alcohol consumption, risks for ex-smokers compared with current smokers decreased substantially with time since cessation of the habit. Compared with never smokers, ex-smokers of >20 years had a relative risk (RR) of 1.98 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0-3.8] for all upper aero-digestive tract cancers. RRs for long-term (>20 years) ex-smokers tended to be lower for mouth (RR = 1.61) and pharynx (RR = 1.52) than for larynx (RR = 3.63) cancers. The benefit of quitting was strongest for commercial cigarettes (RR = 1.45, 95% CI = 0.7-3.0) for ex-smokers of >10 years, as compared with smoking of black tobacco (RR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.4-4.6), cigars (RR = 2.59, 95% CI = 0.6-11.6), and pipe tobacco (RR = 3.40, 95% CI = 1.3-8.8).
KW - Black tobacco
KW - Case-control study
KW - Epidemiologic methods
KW - Laryngeal neoplasms
KW - Oral neoplasms
KW - Pharyngeal neoplasms
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032999398&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0032999398&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/00001648-199907000-00012
DO - 10.1097/00001648-199907000-00012
M3 - Article
C2 - 10401876
AN - SCOPUS:0032999398
SN - 1044-3983
VL - 10
SP - 412
EP - 418
JO - Epidemiology
JF - Epidemiology
IS - 4
ER -