TY - JOUR
T1 - Disposition of cocaine in skin, interstitial fluid, sebum, and stratum corneum
AU - Lester, Laeben
AU - Uemura, Naoto
AU - Ademola, John
AU - Harkey, Martha R.
AU - Nath, Rajneesh P.
AU - Kim, Seong J.
AU - Jerschow, Elena
AU - Henderson, Gary L.
AU - Mendelson, John
AU - Jones, Reese T.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported in part by grants no. DA10781, DA12393, and DA00053 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, and carried out in part in the General Clinical Research Center at the University of California, San Francisco, with support of the Division of Research Resources, National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 M01 RR-00079). Dr. Uemura was supported in part by a Merck, Sharp, and Dohme International Fellowship in Clinical Pharmacology.
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - The aim of this study was to determine whether or not the skin acts as a reservoir for cocaine. Cocaine-d5 (1 mg/kg) was administered to five nondependent, cocaine-experienced volunteers. Skin tissue, interstitial fluid, sebum, stratum corneum, and plasma were collected for 72 h after drug administration. Cocaine and benzoylecgonine (BE) levels were determined using GC-MS. Cocaine concentrations peaked in plasma at 1 h after administration, with pharmacokinetic parameters (t1/2, CL, Vd) also in the expected ranges. In skin, cocaine levels peaked around 1.5 h after administration and became undetectable by 6 h. A correlation was found between the plasma and skin AUC for cocaine (R = 0.99, p = 0.006, N = 4). BE was not detected in skin. In interstitial fluid (N = 4), cocaine concentrations peaked around 5 h after drug administration and were undetectable by 24 h. BE peaks varied between 2 and 24 h and were not detectable at 48 h. In sebum, cocaine levels peaked between 3 and 24 h. BE was found in three samples between 12 and 24 h. In stratum corneum, cocaine was measurable in only one sample from one subject. These findings suggest that skin does not act as a reservoir for cocaine. Rather, cocaine appears to be distributed rapidly to the skin and eliminated, following a time course similar to that of plasma.
AB - The aim of this study was to determine whether or not the skin acts as a reservoir for cocaine. Cocaine-d5 (1 mg/kg) was administered to five nondependent, cocaine-experienced volunteers. Skin tissue, interstitial fluid, sebum, stratum corneum, and plasma were collected for 72 h after drug administration. Cocaine and benzoylecgonine (BE) levels were determined using GC-MS. Cocaine concentrations peaked in plasma at 1 h after administration, with pharmacokinetic parameters (t1/2, CL, Vd) also in the expected ranges. In skin, cocaine levels peaked around 1.5 h after administration and became undetectable by 6 h. A correlation was found between the plasma and skin AUC for cocaine (R = 0.99, p = 0.006, N = 4). BE was not detected in skin. In interstitial fluid (N = 4), cocaine concentrations peaked around 5 h after drug administration and were undetectable by 24 h. BE peaks varied between 2 and 24 h and were not detectable at 48 h. In sebum, cocaine levels peaked between 3 and 24 h. BE was found in three samples between 12 and 24 h. In stratum corneum, cocaine was measurable in only one sample from one subject. These findings suggest that skin does not act as a reservoir for cocaine. Rather, cocaine appears to be distributed rapidly to the skin and eliminated, following a time course similar to that of plasma.
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U2 - 10.1093/jat/26.8.547
DO - 10.1093/jat/26.8.547
M3 - Article
C2 - 12501911
AN - SCOPUS:1842835866
SN - 0146-4760
VL - 26
SP - 547
EP - 553
JO - Journal of Analytical Toxicology
JF - Journal of Analytical Toxicology
IS - 8
ER -