TY - JOUR
T1 - Diet quality, excess body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents living in São Paulo, Brazil and in the USA
T2 - Differences and similarities
AU - Pereira, Jaqueline L.
AU - Mattei, Josiemer
AU - Isasi, Carmen R.
AU - Van Horn, Linda
AU - Carnethon, Mercedes R.
AU - Daviglus, Martha L.
AU - Perera, Marisa J.
AU - Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
AU - Fisberg, Regina M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Objective: To compare diet quality and its association with excess body weight (EBW: overweight/obesity), central adiposity (CA) and CVD risk factors (CVDR) among adolescents from Brazil and USA. Design: Data from two cross-sectional surveys: Health Survey of São Paulo (ISA-Nutrition) and Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL-Youth). Dietary intake was assessed from 24-h recalls, and diet quality using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI) developed in the USA and the Revised Brazilian Healthy Eating Index (BHEI-R). CVDR was defined as ≥3 of: obesity, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, high plasma glucose and insulin resistance. Adjusted OR for EBW, CA and CVDR by diet quality were tested using logistic regression. Setting: São Paulo, Brazil; and Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; Bronx, NY; San Diego, CA. Participants: Adolescents (12-16 years) living in São Paulo (n 189) and USA (n 787). Results: ISA-Nutrition individuals with EBW (v. without) had marginally lower (unhealthier) scores for whole grains using BHEI-R and sugary beverages using AHEI. SOL-Youth individuals with EBW had lower scores of nuts/legumes using AHEI, and Na using BHEI-R, but higher scores of whole grains and dairy using BHEI-R. In ISA-Nutrition, BHEI-R was inversely associated with EBW (OR = 0·87; 95 % CI 0·80, 0·95) and CVDR (OR = 0·89; 95 % CI 0·80, 0·98). In SOL-Youth, AHEI was inversely associated with EBW (OR = 0·93; 95 % CI 0·87, 0·99). Conclusions: Dietary improvements should be made by adolescents in both USA and Brazil. Healthier diet quality as measured with the country-specific index was associated with lower odds of EBW in Brazilian and USA-Hispanic/Latino adolescents, and with lower CVDR in Brazilian adolescents.
AB - Objective: To compare diet quality and its association with excess body weight (EBW: overweight/obesity), central adiposity (CA) and CVD risk factors (CVDR) among adolescents from Brazil and USA. Design: Data from two cross-sectional surveys: Health Survey of São Paulo (ISA-Nutrition) and Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL-Youth). Dietary intake was assessed from 24-h recalls, and diet quality using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI) developed in the USA and the Revised Brazilian Healthy Eating Index (BHEI-R). CVDR was defined as ≥3 of: obesity, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, high plasma glucose and insulin resistance. Adjusted OR for EBW, CA and CVDR by diet quality were tested using logistic regression. Setting: São Paulo, Brazil; and Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; Bronx, NY; San Diego, CA. Participants: Adolescents (12-16 years) living in São Paulo (n 189) and USA (n 787). Results: ISA-Nutrition individuals with EBW (v. without) had marginally lower (unhealthier) scores for whole grains using BHEI-R and sugary beverages using AHEI. SOL-Youth individuals with EBW had lower scores of nuts/legumes using AHEI, and Na using BHEI-R, but higher scores of whole grains and dairy using BHEI-R. In ISA-Nutrition, BHEI-R was inversely associated with EBW (OR = 0·87; 95 % CI 0·80, 0·95) and CVDR (OR = 0·89; 95 % CI 0·80, 0·98). In SOL-Youth, AHEI was inversely associated with EBW (OR = 0·93; 95 % CI 0·87, 0·99). Conclusions: Dietary improvements should be made by adolescents in both USA and Brazil. Healthier diet quality as measured with the country-specific index was associated with lower odds of EBW in Brazilian and USA-Hispanic/Latino adolescents, and with lower CVDR in Brazilian adolescents.
KW - Adolescents
KW - Brazil
KW - Cardiometabolic risk factors
KW - Diet quality
KW - Hispanics/Latinos
KW - Overweight
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85091385427&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85091385427&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S1368980020002736
DO - 10.1017/S1368980020002736
M3 - Article
C2 - 32907665
AN - SCOPUS:85091385427
SN - 1368-9800
VL - 24
SP - 4091
EP - 4101
JO - Public Health Nutrition
JF - Public Health Nutrition
IS - 13
ER -