TY - JOUR
T1 - Diet quality, excess body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents living in São Paulo, Brazil and in the USA
T2 - Differences and similarities
AU - Pereira, Jaqueline L.
AU - Mattei, Josiemer
AU - Isasi, Carmen R.
AU - Van Horn, Linda
AU - Carnethon, Mercedes R.
AU - Daviglus, Martha L.
AU - Perera, Marisa J.
AU - Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
AU - Fisberg, Regina M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgements: The authors thank the staff and participants of ISA-Nutrition and HCHS/SOL-Youth for their important contributions. Financial support: SOL-Youth was supported by grant R01HL102130 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). The children in SOL-Youth are drawn from the study of adults, The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, which is a collaborative study supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to the University of North Carolina (HHSN268201300001I/N01-HC-65233), University of Miami (HHSN268201300004I/N01-HC-65234), Albert Einstein College of Medicine (HHSN268201300002I/N01-HC-65235), University of Illinois at Chicago – HHSN268201300003I/N01-HC-65236 Northwestern Univ), and San Diego State University (HHSN268201300005I/N01-HC-65237). The following Institutes/Centers/Offices have contributed to the HCHS/SOL through a transfer of funds to the NHLBI: National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH Institution-Office of Dietary Supplements. Additional support was provided by the Life Course Methodology Core (LCMC) at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the New York Regional Center for Diabetes Translation Research (P30 DK111022-8786 and P30 DK111022) through funds from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The ISA-Nutrition Study was funded by the São Paulo Municipal Health Department (2013–0.235.936–0)/São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP (2012/22113–9)/National Council for Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq (472873/2012–1). Additional support was provided by São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP (2017/02480–0 to J.L.P.) and a NHLBI Faculty Diversity Mentored Career Development Award (K01-HL120951 to J.M.). The study sponsors did not have any role in study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding agencies. Conflict of interest: None. Authorship: J.L.P., R.M.F. and J.M. designed the research; J.L.P., R.M.F., C.R.I., L.V.H., M.C., M.D., M.J.P., D.S.A. and J.M. contributed to data acquisition; J.L.P. and J.M. analysed data; J.L.P. wrote the first draft of the article. All authors read, revised critically and approved the final manuscript. Ethics of human subject participation: This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki, and all procedures involving study participants were approved by the Ethics Committee on Research of the Public Health School, University of São Paulo for 2015 ISA-Nutrition, and the institutional review boards at each field centre for SOL-Youth. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Objective: To compare diet quality and its association with excess body weight (EBW: overweight/obesity), central adiposity (CA) and CVD risk factors (CVDR) among adolescents from Brazil and USA. Design: Data from two cross-sectional surveys: Health Survey of São Paulo (ISA-Nutrition) and Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL-Youth). Dietary intake was assessed from 24-h recalls, and diet quality using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI) developed in the USA and the Revised Brazilian Healthy Eating Index (BHEI-R). CVDR was defined as ≥3 of: obesity, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, high plasma glucose and insulin resistance. Adjusted OR for EBW, CA and CVDR by diet quality were tested using logistic regression. Setting: São Paulo, Brazil; and Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; Bronx, NY; San Diego, CA. Participants: Adolescents (12-16 years) living in São Paulo (n 189) and USA (n 787). Results: ISA-Nutrition individuals with EBW (v. without) had marginally lower (unhealthier) scores for whole grains using BHEI-R and sugary beverages using AHEI. SOL-Youth individuals with EBW had lower scores of nuts/legumes using AHEI, and Na using BHEI-R, but higher scores of whole grains and dairy using BHEI-R. In ISA-Nutrition, BHEI-R was inversely associated with EBW (OR = 0·87; 95 % CI 0·80, 0·95) and CVDR (OR = 0·89; 95 % CI 0·80, 0·98). In SOL-Youth, AHEI was inversely associated with EBW (OR = 0·93; 95 % CI 0·87, 0·99). Conclusions: Dietary improvements should be made by adolescents in both USA and Brazil. Healthier diet quality as measured with the country-specific index was associated with lower odds of EBW in Brazilian and USA-Hispanic/Latino adolescents, and with lower CVDR in Brazilian adolescents.
AB - Objective: To compare diet quality and its association with excess body weight (EBW: overweight/obesity), central adiposity (CA) and CVD risk factors (CVDR) among adolescents from Brazil and USA. Design: Data from two cross-sectional surveys: Health Survey of São Paulo (ISA-Nutrition) and Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL-Youth). Dietary intake was assessed from 24-h recalls, and diet quality using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI) developed in the USA and the Revised Brazilian Healthy Eating Index (BHEI-R). CVDR was defined as ≥3 of: obesity, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, high plasma glucose and insulin resistance. Adjusted OR for EBW, CA and CVDR by diet quality were tested using logistic regression. Setting: São Paulo, Brazil; and Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; Bronx, NY; San Diego, CA. Participants: Adolescents (12-16 years) living in São Paulo (n 189) and USA (n 787). Results: ISA-Nutrition individuals with EBW (v. without) had marginally lower (unhealthier) scores for whole grains using BHEI-R and sugary beverages using AHEI. SOL-Youth individuals with EBW had lower scores of nuts/legumes using AHEI, and Na using BHEI-R, but higher scores of whole grains and dairy using BHEI-R. In ISA-Nutrition, BHEI-R was inversely associated with EBW (OR = 0·87; 95 % CI 0·80, 0·95) and CVDR (OR = 0·89; 95 % CI 0·80, 0·98). In SOL-Youth, AHEI was inversely associated with EBW (OR = 0·93; 95 % CI 0·87, 0·99). Conclusions: Dietary improvements should be made by adolescents in both USA and Brazil. Healthier diet quality as measured with the country-specific index was associated with lower odds of EBW in Brazilian and USA-Hispanic/Latino adolescents, and with lower CVDR in Brazilian adolescents.
KW - Adolescents
KW - Brazil
KW - Cardiometabolic risk factors
KW - Diet quality
KW - Hispanics/Latinos
KW - Overweight
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U2 - 10.1017/S1368980020002736
DO - 10.1017/S1368980020002736
M3 - Article
C2 - 32907665
AN - SCOPUS:85091385427
SN - 1368-9800
VL - 24
SP - 4091
EP - 4101
JO - Public Health Nutrition
JF - Public Health Nutrition
IS - 13
ER -
