Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment

Keith I. Block; Charlotte Gyllenhaal; Leroy Lowe; Amedeo Amedei; A. R.M. Ruhul Amin; Amr Amin; Katia Aquilano; Jack Arbiser; Alexandra Arreola; Alla Arzumanyan; S. Salman Ashraf; Asfar S. Azmi; Fabian Benencia; Dipita Bhakta; Alan Bilsland; Anupam Bishayee; Stacy W. Blain; Penny B. Block; Chandra S. Boosani; Thomas E. Carey; Amancio Carnero; Marianeve Carotenuto; Stephanie C. Casey; Mrinmay Chakrabarti; Rupesh Chaturvedi; Georgia Zhuo Chen; Helen Chen; Sophie Chen; Yi Charlie Chen; Beom K. Choi; Maria Rosa Ciriolo; Helen M. Coley; Andrew R. Collins; Marisa Connell; Sarah Crawford; Colleen S. Curran; Charlotta Dabrosin; Giovanna Damia; Santanu Dasgupta; Ralph J. DeBerardinis; William K. Decker; Punita Dhawan; Anna Mae E. Diehl; Jin Tang Dong; Q. Ping Dou; Janice E. Drewa; Eyad Elkord; Bassel El-Rayes; Mark A. Feitelson; Dean W. Felsheru; Lynnette R. Ferguson; Carmela Fimognari; Gary L. Firestone; Christian Frezza; Hiromasa Fujii; Mark M. Fuster; Daniele Generali; Alexandros G. Georgakilas; Frank Gieseler; Michael Gilbertson; Michelle F. Green; Brendan Grue; Gunjan Guhal; Dorota Halicka; William G. Helferich; Petr Heneberg; Patricia Hentosh; Matthew D. Hirschey; Lorne J. Hofseth; Randall F. Holcombe; Kanya Honoki; Hsue Yin Hsu; Gloria S. Huang; Lasse D. Jensen; Wen G. Jiang; Lee W. Jones; Phillip A. Karpowicz; W. Nicol Keith; Sid P. Kerkar; Gazala N. Khan; Mahin Khatami; Young H. Ko; Omer Kucuk; Rob J. Kulathinal; Nagi B. Kumar; Byoung S. Kwon; Anne Leb; Michael A. Leab; Ho Young Lee; Terry Lichtor; Liang Tzung Lin; Jason W. Locasale; Bal L. Lokeshwar; Valter D. Longo; Costas A. Lyssiotis; Karen L. MacKenzie; Meenakshi Malhotra; Maria Marino; Maria L. Martinez-Chantar; Ander Matheu; Christopher Maxwellx; Eoin McDonnell; Alan K. Meeker; Mahya Mehrmohamadi; Kapil Mehta; Gregory A. Michelotti; Ramzi M. Mohammad; Sulma I. Mohammed; D. James Morre; Irfana Muqbil; Vinayak Muralidharcq; Michael P. Murphy; Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju; Rita Nahta; Elena Niccolai; Somaira Nowsheen; Carolina Panis; Francesco Pantano; Virginia R. Parslow; Graham Pawelec; Peter L. Pedersen; Brad Poore; Deepak Poudyal; Satya Prakash; Mark Prince; Lizzia Raffaghello; Jeffrey C. Rathmell; W. Kimryn Rathmell; Swapan K. Ray; Jörg Reichrath; Sarallah Rezazadeh; Domenico Ribatti; Luigi Ricciardiello; R. Brooks Robeydf; Francis Rodierdh; H. P.Vasantha Rupasinghe; Gian Luigi Russo; Elizabeth P. Ryan; Abbas K. Samadi; Isidro Sanchez-Garcia; Andrew J. Sanders; Daniele Santini; Malancha Sarkar; Tetsuro Sasada; Neeraj K. Saxena; Rodney E. Shackelford; H. M.C. Shantha Kumara; Dipali Sharma; Dong M. Shin; David Sidransky; Markus David Siegelin; Emanuela Signori; Neetu Singh; Sharanya Sivanand; Daniel Sliva; Carl Smythe; Carmela Spagnuolo; Diana M. Stafforini; John Stagg; Pochi R. Subbarayan; Tabetha Sundin; Wamidh H. Talib; Sarah K. Thompson; Phuoc T. Tran; Hendrik Ungefroren; Matthew G. Vander Heiden; Vasundara Venkateswaran; Dass S. Vinay; Panagiotis J. Vlachostergios; Zongwei Wang; Kathryn E. Wellen; Richard L. Whelan; Eddy S. Yang; Huanjie Yang; Xujuan Yang; Paul Yaswen; Clement Yedjou; Xin Yin; Jiyue Zhu; Massimo Zollo

doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007

Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment

Keith I. Block, Charlotte Gyllenhaal, Leroy Lowe, Amedeo Amedei, A. R.M. Ruhul Amin, Amr Amin, Katia Aquilano, Jack Arbiser, Alexandra Arreola, Alla Arzumanyan, S. Salman Ashraf, Asfar S. Azmi, Fabian Benencia, Dipita Bhakta, Alan Bilsland, Anupam Bishayee, Stacy W. Blain, Penny B. Block, Chandra S. Boosani, Thomas E. CareyAmancio Carnero, Marianeve Carotenuto, Stephanie C. Casey, Mrinmay Chakrabarti, Rupesh Chaturvedi, Georgia Zhuo Chen, Helen Chen, Sophie Chen, Yi Charlie Chen, Beom K. Choi, Maria Rosa Ciriolo, Helen M. Coley, Andrew R. Collins, Marisa Connell, Sarah Crawford, Colleen S. Curran, Charlotta Dabrosin, Giovanna Damia, Santanu Dasgupta, Ralph J. DeBerardinis, William K. Decker, Punita Dhawan, Anna Mae E. Diehl, Jin Tang Dong, Q. Ping Dou, Janice E. Drewa, Eyad Elkord, Bassel El-Rayes, Mark A. Feitelson, Dean W. Felsheru, Lynnette R. Ferguson, Carmela Fimognari, Gary L. Firestone, Christian Frezza, Hiromasa Fujii, Mark M. Fuster, Daniele Generali, Alexandros G. Georgakilas, Frank Gieseler, Michael Gilbertson, Michelle F. Green, Brendan Grue, Gunjan Guhal, Dorota Halicka, William G. Helferich, Petr Heneberg, Patricia Hentosh, Matthew D. Hirschey, Lorne J. Hofseth, Randall F. Holcombe, Kanya Honoki, Hsue Yin Hsu, Gloria S. Huang, Lasse D. Jensen, Wen G. Jiang, Lee W. Jones, Phillip A. Karpowicz, W. Nicol Keith, Sid P. Kerkar, Gazala N. Khan, Mahin Khatami, Young H. Ko, Omer Kucuk, Rob J. Kulathinal, Nagi B. Kumar, Byoung S. Kwon, Anne Leb, Michael A. Leab, Ho Young Lee, Terry Lichtor, Liang Tzung Lin, Jason W. Locasale, Bal L. Lokeshwar, Valter D. Longo, Costas A. Lyssiotis, Karen L. MacKenzie, Meenakshi Malhotra, Maria Marino, Maria L. Martinez-Chantar, Ander Matheu, Christopher Maxwellx, Eoin McDonnell, Alan K. Meeker, Mahya Mehrmohamadi, Kapil Mehta, Gregory A. Michelotti, Ramzi M. Mohammad, Sulma I. Mohammed, D. James Morre, Irfana Muqbil, Vinayak Muralidharcq, Michael P. Murphy, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju, Rita Nahta, Elena Niccolai, Somaira Nowsheen, Carolina Panis, Francesco Pantano, Virginia R. Parslow, Graham Pawelec, Peter L. Pedersen, Brad Poore, Deepak Poudyal, Satya Prakash, Mark Prince, Lizzia Raffaghello, Jeffrey C. Rathmell, W. Kimryn Rathmell, Swapan K. Ray, Jörg Reichrath, Sarallah Rezazadeh, Domenico Ribatti, Luigi Ricciardiello, R. Brooks Robeydf, Francis Rodierdh, H. P.Vasantha Rupasinghe, Gian Luigi Russo, Elizabeth P. Ryan, Abbas K. Samadi, Isidro Sanchez-Garcia, Andrew J. Sanders, Daniele Santini, Malancha Sarkar, Tetsuro Sasada, Neeraj K. Saxena, Rodney E. Shackelford, H. M.C. Shantha Kumara, Dipali Sharma, Dong M. Shin, David Sidransky, Markus David Siegelin, Emanuela Signori, Neetu Singh, Sharanya Sivanand, Daniel Sliva, Carl Smythe, Carmela Spagnuolo, Diana M. Stafforini, John Stagg, Pochi R. Subbarayan, Tabetha Sundin, Wamidh H. Talib, Sarah K. Thompson, Phuoc T. Tran, Hendrik Ungefroren, Matthew G. Vander Heiden, Vasundara Venkateswaran, Dass S. Vinay, Panagiotis J. Vlachostergios, Zongwei Wang, Kathryn E. Wellen, Richard L. Whelan, Eddy S. Yang, Huanjie Yang, Xujuan Yang, Paul Yaswen, Clement Yedjou, Xin Yin, Jiyue Zhu, Massimo Zollo

Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

223 Scopus citations

Abstract

Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of "personalized" oncology have achieved notablesuccesses in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targetedtherapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a fewdisease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistantimmortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are notreliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, aninternational task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity "broad-spectrum" therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspectsof relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a widerange of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For thesetargets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which werephytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed forknown effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procar-cinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixedevidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of therelationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. Thisnovel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types ofcancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for futureresearch is offered.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	S276-S304
Journal	Seminars in Cancer Biology
Volume	35
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007
State	Published - 2015

Keywords

Cancer hallmarks
Integrative medicine
Multi-targeted
Phytochemicals
Targeted therapy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cancer Research

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007

Cite this

Block, K. I., Gyllenhaal, C., Lowe, L., Amedei, A., Ruhul Amin, A. R. M., Amin, A., Aquilano, K., Arbiser, J., Arreola, A., Arzumanyan, A., Salman Ashraf, S., Azmi, A. S., Benencia, F., Bhakta, D., Bilsland, A., Bishayee, A., Blain, S. W., Block, P. B., Boosani, C. S., ... Zollo, M. (2015). Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment. Seminars in Cancer Biology, 35, S276-S304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007

Block, KI, Gyllenhaal, C, Lowe, L, Amedei, A, Ruhul Amin, ARM, Amin, A, Aquilano, K, Arbiser, J, Arreola, A, Arzumanyan, A, Salman Ashraf, S, Azmi, AS, Benencia, F, Bhakta, D, Bilsland, A, Bishayee, A, Blain, SW, Block, PB, Boosani, CS, Carey, TE, Carnero, A, Carotenuto, M, Casey, SC, Chakrabarti, M, Chaturvedi, R, Chen, GZ, Chen, H, Chen, S, Chen, YC, Choi, BK, Ciriolo, MR, Coley, HM, Collins, AR, Connell, M, Crawford, S, Curran, CS, Dabrosin, C, Damia, G, Dasgupta, S, DeBerardinis, RJ, Decker, WK, Dhawan, P, Diehl, AME, Dong, JT, Dou, QP, Drewa, JE, Elkord, E, El-Rayes, B, Feitelson, MA, Felsheru, DW, Ferguson, LR, Fimognari, C, Firestone, GL, Frezza, C, Fujii, H, Fuster, MM, Generali, D, Georgakilas, AG, Gieseler, F, Gilbertson, M, Green, MF, Grue, B, Guhal, G, Halicka, D, Helferich, WG, Heneberg, P, Hentosh, P, Hirschey, MD, Hofseth, LJ, Holcombe, RF, Honoki, K, Hsu, HY, Huang, GS, Jensen, LD, Jiang, WG, Jones, LW, Karpowicz, PA, Keith, WN, Kerkar, SP, Khan, GN, Khatami, M, Ko, YH, Kucuk, O, Kulathinal, RJ, Kumar, NB, Kwon, BS, Leb, A, Leab, MA, Lee, HY, Lichtor, T, Lin, LT, Locasale, JW, Lokeshwar, BL, Longo, VD, Lyssiotis, CA, MacKenzie, KL, Malhotra, M, Marino, M, Martinez-Chantar, ML, Matheu, A, Maxwellx, C, McDonnell, E, Meeker, AK, Mehrmohamadi, M, Mehta, K, Michelotti, GA, Mohammad, RM, Mohammed, SI, Morre, DJ, Muqbil, I, Muralidharcq, V, Murphy, MP, Nagaraju, GP, Nahta, R, Niccolai, E, Nowsheen, S, Panis, C, Pantano, F, Parslow, VR, Pawelec, G, Pedersen, PL, Poore, B, Poudyal, D, Prakash, S, Prince, M, Raffaghello, L, Rathmell, JC, Rathmell, WK, Ray, SK, Reichrath, J, Rezazadeh, S, Ribatti, D, Ricciardiello, L, Robeydf, RB, Rodierdh, F, Rupasinghe, HPV, Russo, GL, Ryan, EP, Samadi, AK, Sanchez-Garcia, I, Sanders, AJ, Santini, D, Sarkar, M, Sasada, T, Saxena, NK, Shackelford, RE, Shantha Kumara, HMC, Sharma, D, Shin, DM, Sidransky, D, Siegelin, MD, Signori, E, Singh, N, Sivanand, S, Sliva, D, Smythe, C, Spagnuolo, C, Stafforini, DM, Stagg, J, Subbarayan, PR, Sundin, T, Talib, WH, Thompson, SK, Tran, PT, Ungefroren, H, Vander Heiden, MG, Venkateswaran, V, Vinay, DS, Vlachostergios, PJ, Wang, Z, Wellen, KE, Whelan, RL, Yang, ES, Yang, H, Yang, X, Yaswen, P, Yedjou, C, Yin, X, Zhu, J & Zollo, M 2015, 'Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment', Seminars in Cancer Biology, vol. 35, pp. S276-S304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007

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title = "Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment",

abstract = "Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of {"}personalized{"} oncology have achieved notablesuccesses in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targetedtherapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a fewdisease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistantimmortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are notreliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, aninternational task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity {"}broad-spectrum{"} therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspectsof relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a widerange of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For thesetargets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which werephytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed forknown effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procar-cinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixedevidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of therelationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. Thisnovel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types ofcancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for futureresearch is offered.",

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author = "Block, {Keith I.} and Charlotte Gyllenhaal and Leroy Lowe and Amedeo Amedei and {Ruhul Amin}, {A. R.M.} and Amr Amin and Katia Aquilano and Jack Arbiser and Alexandra Arreola and Alla Arzumanyan and {Salman Ashraf}, S. and Azmi, {Asfar S.} and Fabian Benencia and Dipita Bhakta and Alan Bilsland and Anupam Bishayee and Blain, {Stacy W.} and Block, {Penny B.} and Boosani, {Chandra S.} and Carey, {Thomas E.} and Amancio Carnero and Marianeve Carotenuto and Casey, {Stephanie C.} and Mrinmay Chakrabarti and Rupesh Chaturvedi and Chen, {Georgia Zhuo} and Helen Chen and Sophie Chen and Chen, {Yi Charlie} and Choi, {Beom K.} and Ciriolo, {Maria Rosa} and Coley, {Helen M.} and Collins, {Andrew R.} and Marisa Connell and Sarah Crawford and Curran, {Colleen S.} and Charlotta Dabrosin and Giovanna Damia and Santanu Dasgupta and DeBerardinis, {Ralph J.} and Decker, {William K.} and Punita Dhawan and Diehl, {Anna Mae E.} and Dong, {Jin Tang} and Dou, {Q. Ping} and Drewa, {Janice E.} and Eyad Elkord and Bassel El-Rayes and Feitelson, {Mark A.} and Felsheru, {Dean W.} and Ferguson, {Lynnette R.} and Carmela Fimognari and Firestone, {Gary L.} and Christian Frezza and Hiromasa Fujii and Fuster, {Mark M.} and Daniele Generali and Georgakilas, {Alexandros G.} and Frank Gieseler and Michael Gilbertson and Green, {Michelle F.} and Brendan Grue and Gunjan Guhal and Dorota Halicka and Helferich, {William G.} and Petr Heneberg and Patricia Hentosh and Hirschey, {Matthew D.} and Hofseth, {Lorne J.} and Holcombe, {Randall F.} and Kanya Honoki and Hsu, {Hsue Yin} and Huang, {Gloria S.} and Jensen, {Lasse D.} and Jiang, {Wen G.} and Jones, {Lee W.} and Karpowicz, {Phillip A.} and Keith, {W. Nicol} and Kerkar, {Sid P.} and Khan, {Gazala N.} and Mahin Khatami and Ko, {Young H.} and Omer Kucuk and Kulathinal, {Rob J.} and Kumar, {Nagi B.} and Kwon, {Byoung S.} and Anne Leb and Leab, {Michael A.} and Lee, {Ho Young} and Terry Lichtor and Lin, {Liang Tzung} and Locasale, {Jason W.} and Lokeshwar, {Bal L.} and Longo, {Valter D.} and Lyssiotis, {Costas A.} and MacKenzie, {Karen L.} and Meenakshi Malhotra and Maria Marino and Martinez-Chantar, {Maria L.} and Ander Matheu and Christopher Maxwellx and Eoin McDonnell and Meeker, {Alan K.} and Mahya Mehrmohamadi and Kapil Mehta and Michelotti, {Gregory A.} and Mohammad, {Ramzi M.} and Mohammed, {Sulma I.} and Morre, {D. James} and Irfana Muqbil and Vinayak Muralidharcq and Murphy, {Michael P.} and Nagaraju, {Ganji Purnachandra} and Rita Nahta and Elena Niccolai and Somaira Nowsheen and Carolina Panis and Francesco Pantano and Parslow, {Virginia R.} and Graham Pawelec and Pedersen, {Peter L.} and Brad Poore and Deepak Poudyal and Satya Prakash and Mark Prince and Lizzia Raffaghello and Rathmell, {Jeffrey C.} and Rathmell, {W. Kimryn} and Ray, {Swapan K.} and J{\"o}rg Reichrath and Sarallah Rezazadeh and Domenico Ribatti and Luigi Ricciardiello and Robeydf, {R. Brooks} and Francis Rodierdh and Rupasinghe, {H. P.Vasantha} and Russo, {Gian Luigi} and Ryan, {Elizabeth P.} and Samadi, {Abbas K.} and Isidro Sanchez-Garcia and Sanders, {Andrew J.} and Daniele Santini and Malancha Sarkar and Tetsuro Sasada and Saxena, {Neeraj K.} and Shackelford, {Rodney E.} and {Shantha Kumara}, {H. M.C.} and Dipali Sharma and Shin, {Dong M.} and David Sidransky and Siegelin, {Markus David} and Emanuela Signori and Neetu Singh and Sharanya Sivanand and Daniel Sliva and Carl Smythe and Carmela Spagnuolo and Stafforini, {Diana M.} and John Stagg and Subbarayan, {Pochi R.} and Tabetha Sundin and Talib, {Wamidh H.} and Thompson, {Sarah K.} and Tran, {Phuoc T.} and Hendrik Ungefroren and {Vander Heiden}, {Matthew G.} and Vasundara Venkateswaran and Vinay, {Dass S.} and Vlachostergios, {Panagiotis J.} and Zongwei Wang and Wellen, {Kathryn E.} and Whelan, {Richard L.} and Yang, {Eddy S.} and Huanjie Yang and Xujuan Yang and Paul Yaswen and Clement Yedjou and Xin Yin and Jiyue Zhu and Massimo Zollo",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 The Authors.",

year = "2015",

doi = "10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "35",

pages = "S276--S304",

journal = "Seminars in Cancer Biology",

issn = "1044-579X",

publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment

AU - Block, Keith I.

AU - Gyllenhaal, Charlotte

AU - Lowe, Leroy

AU - Amedei, Amedeo

AU - Ruhul Amin, A. R.M.

AU - Amin, Amr

AU - Aquilano, Katia

AU - Arbiser, Jack

AU - Arreola, Alexandra

AU - Arzumanyan, Alla

AU - Salman Ashraf, S.

AU - Azmi, Asfar S.

AU - Benencia, Fabian

AU - Bhakta, Dipita

AU - Bilsland, Alan

AU - Bishayee, Anupam

AU - Blain, Stacy W.

AU - Block, Penny B.

AU - Boosani, Chandra S.

AU - Carey, Thomas E.

AU - Carnero, Amancio

AU - Carotenuto, Marianeve

AU - Casey, Stephanie C.

AU - Chakrabarti, Mrinmay

AU - Chaturvedi, Rupesh

AU - Chen, Georgia Zhuo

AU - Chen, Helen

AU - Chen, Sophie

AU - Chen, Yi Charlie

AU - Choi, Beom K.

AU - Ciriolo, Maria Rosa

AU - Coley, Helen M.

AU - Collins, Andrew R.

AU - Connell, Marisa

AU - Crawford, Sarah

AU - Curran, Colleen S.

AU - Dabrosin, Charlotta

AU - Damia, Giovanna

AU - Dasgupta, Santanu

AU - DeBerardinis, Ralph J.

AU - Decker, William K.

AU - Dhawan, Punita

AU - Diehl, Anna Mae E.

AU - Dong, Jin Tang

AU - Dou, Q. Ping

AU - Drewa, Janice E.

AU - Elkord, Eyad

AU - El-Rayes, Bassel

AU - Feitelson, Mark A.

AU - Felsheru, Dean W.

AU - Ferguson, Lynnette R.

AU - Fimognari, Carmela

AU - Firestone, Gary L.

AU - Frezza, Christian

AU - Fujii, Hiromasa

AU - Fuster, Mark M.

AU - Generali, Daniele

AU - Georgakilas, Alexandros G.

AU - Gieseler, Frank

AU - Gilbertson, Michael

AU - Green, Michelle F.

AU - Grue, Brendan

AU - Guhal, Gunjan

AU - Halicka, Dorota

AU - Helferich, William G.

AU - Heneberg, Petr

AU - Hentosh, Patricia

AU - Hirschey, Matthew D.

AU - Hofseth, Lorne J.

AU - Holcombe, Randall F.

AU - Honoki, Kanya

AU - Hsu, Hsue Yin

AU - Huang, Gloria S.

AU - Jensen, Lasse D.

AU - Jiang, Wen G.

AU - Jones, Lee W.

AU - Karpowicz, Phillip A.

AU - Keith, W. Nicol

AU - Kerkar, Sid P.

AU - Khan, Gazala N.

AU - Khatami, Mahin

AU - Ko, Young H.

AU - Kucuk, Omer

AU - Kulathinal, Rob J.

AU - Kumar, Nagi B.

AU - Kwon, Byoung S.

AU - Leb, Anne

AU - Leab, Michael A.

AU - Lee, Ho Young

AU - Lichtor, Terry

AU - Lin, Liang Tzung

AU - Locasale, Jason W.

AU - Lokeshwar, Bal L.

AU - Longo, Valter D.

AU - Lyssiotis, Costas A.

AU - MacKenzie, Karen L.

AU - Malhotra, Meenakshi

AU - Marino, Maria

AU - Martinez-Chantar, Maria L.

AU - Matheu, Ander

AU - Maxwellx, Christopher

AU - McDonnell, Eoin

AU - Meeker, Alan K.

AU - Mehrmohamadi, Mahya

AU - Mehta, Kapil

AU - Michelotti, Gregory A.

AU - Mohammad, Ramzi M.

AU - Mohammed, Sulma I.

AU - Morre, D. James

AU - Muqbil, Irfana

AU - Muralidharcq, Vinayak

AU - Murphy, Michael P.

AU - Nagaraju, Ganji Purnachandra

AU - Nahta, Rita

AU - Niccolai, Elena

AU - Nowsheen, Somaira

AU - Panis, Carolina

AU - Pantano, Francesco

AU - Parslow, Virginia R.

AU - Pawelec, Graham

AU - Pedersen, Peter L.

AU - Poore, Brad

AU - Poudyal, Deepak

AU - Prakash, Satya

AU - Prince, Mark

AU - Raffaghello, Lizzia

AU - Rathmell, Jeffrey C.

AU - Rathmell, W. Kimryn

AU - Ray, Swapan K.

AU - Reichrath, Jörg

AU - Rezazadeh, Sarallah

AU - Ribatti, Domenico

AU - Ricciardiello, Luigi

AU - Robeydf, R. Brooks

AU - Rodierdh, Francis

AU - Rupasinghe, H. P.Vasantha

AU - Russo, Gian Luigi

AU - Ryan, Elizabeth P.

AU - Samadi, Abbas K.

AU - Sanchez-Garcia, Isidro

AU - Sanders, Andrew J.

AU - Santini, Daniele

AU - Sarkar, Malancha

AU - Sasada, Tetsuro

AU - Saxena, Neeraj K.

AU - Shackelford, Rodney E.

AU - Shantha Kumara, H. M.C.

AU - Sharma, Dipali

AU - Shin, Dong M.

AU - Sidransky, David

AU - Siegelin, Markus David

AU - Signori, Emanuela

AU - Singh, Neetu

AU - Sivanand, Sharanya

AU - Sliva, Daniel

AU - Smythe, Carl

AU - Spagnuolo, Carmela

AU - Stafforini, Diana M.

AU - Stagg, John

AU - Subbarayan, Pochi R.

AU - Sundin, Tabetha

AU - Talib, Wamidh H.

AU - Thompson, Sarah K.

AU - Tran, Phuoc T.

AU - Ungefroren, Hendrik

AU - Vander Heiden, Matthew G.

AU - Venkateswaran, Vasundara

AU - Vinay, Dass S.

AU - Vlachostergios, Panagiotis J.

AU - Wang, Zongwei

AU - Wellen, Kathryn E.

AU - Whelan, Richard L.

AU - Yang, Eddy S.

AU - Yang, Huanjie

AU - Yang, Xujuan

AU - Yaswen, Paul

AU - Yedjou, Clement

AU - Yin, Xin

AU - Zhu, Jiyue

AU - Zollo, Massimo

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of "personalized" oncology have achieved notablesuccesses in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targetedtherapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a fewdisease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistantimmortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are notreliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, aninternational task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity "broad-spectrum" therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspectsof relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a widerange of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For thesetargets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which werephytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed forknown effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procar-cinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixedevidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of therelationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. Thisnovel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types ofcancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for futureresearch is offered.

AB - Targeted therapies and the consequent adoption of "personalized" oncology have achieved notablesuccesses in some cancers; however, significant problems remain with this approach. Many targetedtherapies are highly toxic, costs are extremely high, and most patients experience relapse after a fewdisease-free months. Relapses arise from genetic heterogeneity in tumors, which harbor therapy-resistantimmortalized cells that have adopted alternate and compensatory pathways (i.e., pathways that are notreliant upon the same mechanisms as those which have been targeted). To address these limitations, aninternational task force of 180 scientists was assembled to explore the concept of a low-toxicity "broad-spectrum" therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms. Using cancer hallmark phenotypes and the tumor microenvironment to account for the various aspectsof relevant cancer biology, interdisciplinary teams reviewed each hallmark area and nominated a widerange of high-priority targets (74 in total) that could be modified to improve patient outcomes. For thesetargets, corresponding low-toxicity therapeutic approaches were then suggested, many of which werephytochemicals. Proposed actions on each target and all of the approaches were further reviewed forknown effects on other hallmark areas and the tumor microenvironment. Potential contrary or procar-cinogenic effects were found for 3.9% of the relationships between targets and hallmarks, and mixedevidence of complementary and contrary relationships was found for 7.1%. Approximately 67% of therelationships revealed potentially complementary effects, and the remainder had no known relationship. Among the approaches, 1.1% had contrary, 2.8% had mixed and 62.1% had complementary relationships. These results suggest that a broad-spectrum approach should be feasible from a safety standpoint. Thisnovel approach has potential to be relatively inexpensive, it should help us address stages and types ofcancer that lack conventional treatment, and it may reduce relapse risks. A proposed agenda for futureresearch is offered.

KW - Cancer hallmarks

KW - Integrative medicine

KW - Multi-targeted

KW - Phytochemicals

KW - Targeted therapy

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84952918579&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84952918579&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007

DO - 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.007

M3 - Review article

C2 - 26590477

AN - SCOPUS:84952918579

VL - 35

SP - S276-S304

JO - Seminars in Cancer Biology

JF - Seminars in Cancer Biology

SN - 1044-579X

ER -

Designing a broad-spectrum integrative approach for cancer prevention and treatment

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