TY - JOUR
T1 - Deficiency in milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 exacerbates organ injury and mortality in neonatal sepsis
AU - Hansen, Laura W.
AU - Khader, Adam
AU - Yang, Weng Lang
AU - Jacob, Asha
AU - Chen, Tracy
AU - Nicastro, Jeffrey M.
AU - Coppa, Gene F.
AU - Prince, Jose M.
AU - Wang, Ping
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2017/9
Y1 - 2017/9
N2 - Introduction Neonatal sepsis is a systemic inflammation occurring in neonates because of a proven infection within the first 28 days of birth. It is the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the newborns. The mechanism(s) underlying the systemic inflammation in neonatal sepsis has not been completely understood. We hypothesize that the deficiency of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 (MFG-E8), a protein commonly found in human milk, could be responsible for the increased inflammatory response leading to morbidity and mortality in neonatal sepsis. Methods Male and female newborn mice aged 5–7 days were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9 mg/g body weight cecal slurry (CS). At 10 h after CS injection, they were euthanized, and blood, lungs and gut tissues were obtained for further analyses. Control newborn mice underwent similar procedures with the exception of the CS injection. In duplicate newborn mice after CS injection, they were returned to their respective cages with their mothers and were closely monitored for 7 days and survival rate recorded. Results At 10 h after CS injection, serum LDH in the MFG-E8 knockout (KO) newborn mice was significantly increased by 58% and serum IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in the MFG-E8KO newborn mice were also significantly increased by 56%, 65%, and 105%, respectively, from wild type (WT) newborn mice. There were no significant difference between WT control and MFG-E8 control newborn mice. The lung architecture was severely damaged and a significant 162% increase in injury score was observed in the CS MFG-E8KO newborn mice. The MPO, TUNEL staining, and cytokine levels in the lungs and the intestine in CS MFG-E8KO newborn mice were significantly increased from CS WT newborn mice. Similarly, intestinal integrity was also compromised in the CS MFG-E8KO newborn mice. In a survival study, while the mortality rate within 7 days was only 29% in the CS WT newborn mice, 80% of the CS MFG-E8KO newborn mice died during the same time period with the majority of mortality occurring within 48 h. Conclusion The deficiency in MFG-E8 caused increases in inflammation, tissue injury, neutrophil infiltration and apoptosis, which led to morbidity and mortality in murine neonatal sepsis. These studies suggest that MFG-E8 has a protective role in fighting against neonatal sepsis.
AB - Introduction Neonatal sepsis is a systemic inflammation occurring in neonates because of a proven infection within the first 28 days of birth. It is the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the newborns. The mechanism(s) underlying the systemic inflammation in neonatal sepsis has not been completely understood. We hypothesize that the deficiency of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 (MFG-E8), a protein commonly found in human milk, could be responsible for the increased inflammatory response leading to morbidity and mortality in neonatal sepsis. Methods Male and female newborn mice aged 5–7 days were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9 mg/g body weight cecal slurry (CS). At 10 h after CS injection, they were euthanized, and blood, lungs and gut tissues were obtained for further analyses. Control newborn mice underwent similar procedures with the exception of the CS injection. In duplicate newborn mice after CS injection, they were returned to their respective cages with their mothers and were closely monitored for 7 days and survival rate recorded. Results At 10 h after CS injection, serum LDH in the MFG-E8 knockout (KO) newborn mice was significantly increased by 58% and serum IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in the MFG-E8KO newborn mice were also significantly increased by 56%, 65%, and 105%, respectively, from wild type (WT) newborn mice. There were no significant difference between WT control and MFG-E8 control newborn mice. The lung architecture was severely damaged and a significant 162% increase in injury score was observed in the CS MFG-E8KO newborn mice. The MPO, TUNEL staining, and cytokine levels in the lungs and the intestine in CS MFG-E8KO newborn mice were significantly increased from CS WT newborn mice. Similarly, intestinal integrity was also compromised in the CS MFG-E8KO newborn mice. In a survival study, while the mortality rate within 7 days was only 29% in the CS WT newborn mice, 80% of the CS MFG-E8KO newborn mice died during the same time period with the majority of mortality occurring within 48 h. Conclusion The deficiency in MFG-E8 caused increases in inflammation, tissue injury, neutrophil infiltration and apoptosis, which led to morbidity and mortality in murine neonatal sepsis. These studies suggest that MFG-E8 has a protective role in fighting against neonatal sepsis.
KW - Cytokines
KW - Lung injury
KW - MFG-E8
KW - MIP-2
KW - Neonatal sepsis
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.12.022
DO - 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2016.12.022
M3 - Article
C2 - 28081854
AN - SCOPUS:85028704694
SN - 0022-3468
VL - 52
SP - 1520
EP - 1527
JO - Journal of Pediatric Surgery
JF - Journal of Pediatric Surgery
IS - 9
ER -