Completeness of revascularization for multivessel coronary artery disease and its effect on one-year outcome: A report from the NHLBI Dynamic Registry

When percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is performed in patients with multivessel coronary disease, a targeted revascularization (TR) of diseased vessels is performed more often than complete revascularization (CR). We compared baseline characteristics and 1-year outcomes of patients undergoing TR by operator choice (n = 1,091), TR because CR was unachievable (n = 375), and CR (n = 315) in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Dynamic Registry. Patients receiving TR because CR was unachievable were older, had more comorbidities, worse ejection fraction, less often received 2b/3a inhibitors and stents, and less frequently achieved complete angiographic success than either patients receiving TR by choice or CR. Despite these considerable differences, cumulative rates of 1-year mortality, the need for repeat PCI, or coronary bypass surgery were similar in patients who received CR, TR by choice, or TR because CR was unachievable. In multivariable models, after adjustment for clinical characteristics and propensity to receive CR, the hazard ratio for CR versus TR was 1.10 (95% CI: 0.58-2.10) for 1-year mortality; 0.89 (0.60-1.32) for repeat PCI, and 0.92 (0.66-1.29) for repeat PCI or coronary bypass surgery. In conclusion, despite the presence of more unfavorable characteristics, patients undergoing TR demonstrate 1-year outcomes equivalent to those having CR, supporting its continued use in selected patients.