Abstract
Objectives The objective was to test the hypothesis that oxycodone/acetaminophen provides superior analgesia to hydrocodone/acetaminophen for the treatment of acute extremity pain following emergency department (ED) discharge. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of nonelderly adult ED patients with acute musculoskeletal extremity pain, randomly allocated at discharge to receive oxycodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg) or hydrocodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg). The primary outcome was the between-group difference in improvement in numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores over a 2-hour period following the most recent ingestion of study drug, obtained during telephone contact 24 hours after ED discharge. Secondary outcomes included proportionate decrease in pain, comparative side-effect profiles, and patient satisfaction. Results A total of 240 patients were enrolled. The final sample consisted of 220 patients, 107 randomly allocated to oxycodone/acetaminophen and 113 to hydrocodone/acetaminophen. At 24 hours after ED discharge, the mean NRS pain scores prior to the most recent dose of outpatient pain medication were 7.8 and 7.9 in the oxycodone/acetaminophen and hydrocodone/acetaminophen groups, respectively. The mean decreases in pain scores over 2 hours were 4.4 NRS units in the oxycodone/acetaminophen group versus 4.0 NRS units in the hydrocodone/acetaminophen group, for a difference of 0.4 NRS units (95% confidence interval = -0.2 to 1.1 NRS units). Satisfaction with the analgesics was similar. Conclusions This study design could not detect a clinically or statistically significant difference in analgesic efficacy between oxycodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg) and hydrocodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg) for treatment of acute musculoskeletal extremity pain in adults following ED discharge. Both opioids reduced pain scores by approximately 50%.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1254-1260 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Academic Emergency Medicine |
| Volume | 22 |
| Issue number | 11 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Nov 1 2015 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Emergency Medicine
Cite this
Comparative Analgesic Efficacy of Oxycodone/Acetaminophen Versus Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen for Short-term Pain Management in Adults Following ED Discharge. / Chang, Andrew K.; Bijur, Polly E.; Holden, Lynne M.; Gallagher, E. John.
In: Academic Emergency Medicine, Vol. 22, No. 11, 01.11.2015, p. 1254-1260.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparative Analgesic Efficacy of Oxycodone/Acetaminophen Versus Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen for Short-term Pain Management in Adults Following ED Discharge
AU - Chang, Andrew K.
AU - Bijur, Polly E.
AU - Holden, Lynne M.
AU - Gallagher, E. John
PY - 2015/11/1
Y1 - 2015/11/1
N2 - Objectives The objective was to test the hypothesis that oxycodone/acetaminophen provides superior analgesia to hydrocodone/acetaminophen for the treatment of acute extremity pain following emergency department (ED) discharge. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of nonelderly adult ED patients with acute musculoskeletal extremity pain, randomly allocated at discharge to receive oxycodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg) or hydrocodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg). The primary outcome was the between-group difference in improvement in numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores over a 2-hour period following the most recent ingestion of study drug, obtained during telephone contact 24 hours after ED discharge. Secondary outcomes included proportionate decrease in pain, comparative side-effect profiles, and patient satisfaction. Results A total of 240 patients were enrolled. The final sample consisted of 220 patients, 107 randomly allocated to oxycodone/acetaminophen and 113 to hydrocodone/acetaminophen. At 24 hours after ED discharge, the mean NRS pain scores prior to the most recent dose of outpatient pain medication were 7.8 and 7.9 in the oxycodone/acetaminophen and hydrocodone/acetaminophen groups, respectively. The mean decreases in pain scores over 2 hours were 4.4 NRS units in the oxycodone/acetaminophen group versus 4.0 NRS units in the hydrocodone/acetaminophen group, for a difference of 0.4 NRS units (95% confidence interval = -0.2 to 1.1 NRS units). Satisfaction with the analgesics was similar. Conclusions This study design could not detect a clinically or statistically significant difference in analgesic efficacy between oxycodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg) and hydrocodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg) for treatment of acute musculoskeletal extremity pain in adults following ED discharge. Both opioids reduced pain scores by approximately 50%.
AB - Objectives The objective was to test the hypothesis that oxycodone/acetaminophen provides superior analgesia to hydrocodone/acetaminophen for the treatment of acute extremity pain following emergency department (ED) discharge. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of nonelderly adult ED patients with acute musculoskeletal extremity pain, randomly allocated at discharge to receive oxycodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg) or hydrocodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg). The primary outcome was the between-group difference in improvement in numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores over a 2-hour period following the most recent ingestion of study drug, obtained during telephone contact 24 hours after ED discharge. Secondary outcomes included proportionate decrease in pain, comparative side-effect profiles, and patient satisfaction. Results A total of 240 patients were enrolled. The final sample consisted of 220 patients, 107 randomly allocated to oxycodone/acetaminophen and 113 to hydrocodone/acetaminophen. At 24 hours after ED discharge, the mean NRS pain scores prior to the most recent dose of outpatient pain medication were 7.8 and 7.9 in the oxycodone/acetaminophen and hydrocodone/acetaminophen groups, respectively. The mean decreases in pain scores over 2 hours were 4.4 NRS units in the oxycodone/acetaminophen group versus 4.0 NRS units in the hydrocodone/acetaminophen group, for a difference of 0.4 NRS units (95% confidence interval = -0.2 to 1.1 NRS units). Satisfaction with the analgesics was similar. Conclusions This study design could not detect a clinically or statistically significant difference in analgesic efficacy between oxycodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg) and hydrocodone/acetaminophen (5 mg/325 mg) for treatment of acute musculoskeletal extremity pain in adults following ED discharge. Both opioids reduced pain scores by approximately 50%.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84946553813&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84946553813&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/acem.12813
DO - 10.1111/acem.12813
M3 - Article
C2 - 26479162
AN - SCOPUS:84946553813
VL - 22
SP - 1254
EP - 1260
JO - Academic Emergency Medicine
JF - Academic Emergency Medicine
SN - 1069-6563
IS - 11
ER -