@article{d5ebbedbd5da44e48134f7e1d8f508c1,
title = "Battery-free, lightweight, injectable microsystem for in vivo wireless pharmacology and optogenetics",
abstract = "Pharmacology and optogenetics are widely used in neuroscience research to study the central and peripheral nervous systems. While both approaches allow for sophisticated studies of neural circuitry, continued advances are, in part, hampered by technology limitations associated with requirements for physical tethers that connect external equipment to rigid probes inserted into delicate regions of the brain. The results can lead to tissue damage and alterations in behavioral tasks and natural movements, with additional difficulties in use for studies that involve social interactions and/or motions in complex 3-dimensional environments. These disadvantages are particularly pronounced in research that demands combined optogenetic and pharmacological functions in a single experiment. Here, we present a lightweight, wireless, battery-free injectable microsystem that combines soft microfluidic and microscale inorganic light-emitting diode probes for programmable pharmacology and optogenetics, designed to offer the features of drug refillability and adjustable flow rates, together with programmable control over the temporal profiles. The technology has potential for large-scale manufacturing and broad distribution to the neuroscience community, with capabilities in targeting specific neuronal populations in freely moving animals. In addition, the same platform can easily be adapted for a wide range of other types of passive or active electronic functions, including electrical stimulation.",
keywords = "Neuroscience, Optogenetics, Pharmacology",
author = "Yi Zhang and Castro, {Daniel C.} and Yuan Han and Yixin Wu and Hexia Guo and Zhengyan Weng and Yeguang Xue and Jokubas Ausra and Xueju Wang and Rui Li and Guangfu Wu and Abraham V{\'a}zquez-Guardado and Yiwen Xie and Zhaoqian Xie and Diana Ostojich and Dongsheng Peng and Rujie Sun and Binbin Wang and Yongjoon Yu and Leshock, {John P.} and Subing Qu and Su, {Chun Ju} and Wen Shen and Tao Hang and Anthony Banks and Yonggang Huang and Jelena Radulovic and Philipp Gutruf and Bruchas, {Michael R.} and Rogers, {John A.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by NIH Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative Grant R21EY027612A (to M.R.B. and J.A.R.), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Grants R01MH112355 (to M.R.B.) and R41MH116525 (to NeuroLux, Inc.), NIMH Grants MH108837 and MH078064 (to J.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Grant DA044121 (to J.R.), NIDA F32 Fellowship DA043999-02 (to D.C.C.), National Natural Science Foundation of China Fellowship 81571069 (to Y. Han), University of Arizona Start-up fund (P.G.), and the University of Missouri?Columbia start?up fund (Y.Z.). R.L. acknowledges support from LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program (Grant XLYC1807126), Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) (Grant 2015QNRC001), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant DUT18GF101). Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. This work was supported by NIH Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative Grant R21EY027612A (to M.R.B. and J.A.R.), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Grants R01MH112355 (to M.R.B.) and R41MH116525 (to NeuroLux, Inc.), NIMH Grants MH108837 and MH078064 (to J.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Grant DA044121 (to J.R.), NIDA F32 Fellowship DA043999-02 (to D.C.C.), National Natural Science Foundation of China Fellowship 81571069 (to Y. Han), University of Arizona Start-up fund (P.G.), and the University of Missouri‐Columbia start‐up fund (Y.Z.). R.L. acknowledges support from LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program (Grant XLYC1807126), Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) (Grant 2015QNRC001), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant DUT18GF101). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.",
year = "2019",
month = oct,
day = "22",
doi = "10.1073/pnas.1909850116",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "116",
pages = "21427--21437",
journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
issn = "0027-8424",
publisher = "National Academy of Sciences",
number = "43",
}