Are Optimism and Cynical Hostility Associated with Smoking Cessation in Older Women?

Ana M. Progovac; Yue Fang Chang; Chung Chou H. Chang; Karen A. Matthews; Julie M. Donohue; Michael F. Scheier; Elizabeth B. Habermann; Lewis H. Kuller; Joseph S. Goveas; Benjamin P. Chapman; Paul R. Duberstein; Catherine R. Messina; Kathryn E. Weaver; Nazmus Saquib; Robert B. Wallace; Robert C. Kaplan; Darren Calhoun; J. Carson Smith; Hilary A. Tindle

doi:10.1007/s12160-016-9873-x

Are Optimism and Cynical Hostility Associated with Smoking Cessation in Older Women?

Ana M. Progovac, Yue Fang Chang, Chung Chou H. Chang, Karen A. Matthews, Julie M. Donohue, Michael F. Scheier, Elizabeth B. Habermann, Lewis H. Kuller, Joseph S. Goveas, Benjamin P. Chapman, Paul R. Duberstein, Catherine R. Messina, Kathryn E. Weaver, Nazmus Saquib, Robert B. Wallace, Robert C. Kaplan, Darren Calhoun, J. Carson Smith, Hilary A. Tindle

Epidemiology & Population Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Optimism and cynical hostility independently predict morbidity and mortality in Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) participants and are associated with current smoking. However, their association with smoking cessation in older women is unknown. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test whether optimism (positive future expectations) or cynical hostility (mistrust of others) predicts smoking cessation in older women. Methods: Self-reported smoking status was assessed at years 1, 3, and 6 after study entry for WHI baseline smokers who were not missing optimism or cynical hostility scores (n = 10,242). Questionnaires at study entry assessed optimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised) and cynical hostility (Cook-Medley, cynical hostility subscale). Generalized linear mixed models adjusted for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, and medical and psychosocial characteristics including depressive symptoms. Results: After full covariate adjustment, optimism was not related to smoking cessation. Each 1-point increase in baseline cynical hostility score was associated with 5% lower odds of cessation over 6 years (OR = 0.95, CI = 0.92–0.98, p = 0.0017). Conclusions: In aging postmenopausal women, greater cynical hostility predicts lower smoking cessation over time. Future studies should examine whether individuals with this trait may benefit from more intensive cessation resources or whether attempting to mitigate cynical hostility itself may aid smoking cessation.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	500-510
Number of pages	11
Journal	Annals of Behavioral Medicine
Volume	51
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9873-x
State	Published - Aug 1 2017

Keywords

Cynical hostility
Optimism
Pessimism
Smoking
Smoking cessation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Psychology(all)
Psychiatry and Mental health

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1007/s12160-016-9873-x

Cite this

Progovac, A. M., Chang, Y. F., Chang, C. C. H., Matthews, K. A., Donohue, J. M., Scheier, M. F., Habermann, E. B., Kuller, L. H., Goveas, J. S., Chapman, B. P., Duberstein, P. R., Messina, C. R., Weaver, K. E., Saquib, N., Wallace, R. B., Kaplan, R. C., Calhoun, D., Smith, J. C., & Tindle, H. A. (2017). Are Optimism and Cynical Hostility Associated with Smoking Cessation in Older Women? Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 51(4), 500-510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9873-x

Progovac, AM, Chang, YF, Chang, CCH, Matthews, KA, Donohue, JM, Scheier, MF, Habermann, EB, Kuller, LH, Goveas, JS, Chapman, BP, Duberstein, PR, Messina, CR, Weaver, KE, Saquib, N, Wallace, RB, Kaplan, RC, Calhoun, D, Smith, JC & Tindle, HA 2017, 'Are Optimism and Cynical Hostility Associated with Smoking Cessation in Older Women?', Annals of Behavioral Medicine, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 500-510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-016-9873-x

@article{d9ffbea144f14449a66e111c120a4aed,

title = "Are Optimism and Cynical Hostility Associated with Smoking Cessation in Older Women?",

abstract = "Background: Optimism and cynical hostility independently predict morbidity and mortality in Women{\textquoteright}s Health Initiative (WHI) participants and are associated with current smoking. However, their association with smoking cessation in older women is unknown. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test whether optimism (positive future expectations) or cynical hostility (mistrust of others) predicts smoking cessation in older women. Methods: Self-reported smoking status was assessed at years 1, 3, and 6 after study entry for WHI baseline smokers who were not missing optimism or cynical hostility scores (n = 10,242). Questionnaires at study entry assessed optimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised) and cynical hostility (Cook-Medley, cynical hostility subscale). Generalized linear mixed models adjusted for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, and medical and psychosocial characteristics including depressive symptoms. Results: After full covariate adjustment, optimism was not related to smoking cessation. Each 1-point increase in baseline cynical hostility score was associated with 5% lower odds of cessation over 6 years (OR = 0.95, CI = 0.92–0.98, p = 0.0017). Conclusions: In aging postmenopausal women, greater cynical hostility predicts lower smoking cessation over time. Future studies should examine whether individuals with this trait may benefit from more intensive cessation resources or whether attempting to mitigate cynical hostility itself may aid smoking cessation.",

keywords = "Cynical hostility, Optimism, Pessimism, Smoking, Smoking cessation",

author = "Progovac, {Ana M.} and Chang, {Yue Fang} and Chang, {Chung Chou H.} and Matthews, {Karen A.} and Donohue, {Julie M.} and Scheier, {Michael F.} and Habermann, {Elizabeth B.} and Kuller, {Lewis H.} and Goveas, {Joseph S.} and Chapman, {Benjamin P.} and Duberstein, {Paul R.} and Messina, {Catherine R.} and Weaver, {Kathryn E.} and Nazmus Saquib and Wallace, {Robert B.} and Kaplan, {Robert C.} and Darren Calhoun and Smith, {J. Carson} and Tindle, {Hilary A.}",

note = "Funding Information: The majority of this work was conducted while the lead author was a PhD student at the University of Pittsburgh. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number T32MH019733 (PI Tom McGuire; Recipient Ana M. Progovac). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. The WHI program is funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services through contracts HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, and HHSN271201100004C. This manuscript was prepared in collaboration with investigators of the WHI and has been reviewed and approved by the Women{\textquoteright}s Health Initiative (WHI). The short list of WHI investigators can be found at https://www.whi.org/researchers/Documents%20%20Write%20a%20Paper/WHI%20Investigator%20Short%20List.pdf Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, The Society of Behavioral Medicine.",

year = "2017",

month = aug,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1007/s12160-016-9873-x",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "51",

pages = "500--510",

journal = "Annals of Behavioral Medicine",

issn = "0883-6612",