Abstract
Summary: The introduction of both complement 4d (C4d) staining in renal allograft biopsies and sensitive methods to detect anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies, such as single antigen bead flow assays, into tissue-typing techniques have shown the importance of antibody-mediated alloimmune response in kidney transplantation. The use of these sensitive methods, combined with the increased number of transplants in highly sensitized patients with donor-specific antibodies, or patients receiving desensitization protocols, have increased the awareness and thus the incidence of acute antibody-mediated rejection. Chronic rejection also can be mediated through alloantibodies, and the term chronic antibody-mediated rejection recently was proposed. In this review article we summarize the current knowledge of the role of alloantibodies in transplantation, the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic antibody-mediated rejection, and their effect on graft function and outcome.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 393-407 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| Journal | Seminars in Nephrology |
| Volume | 27 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jul 1 2007 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Anti-HLA antibody
- humoral rejection
- kidney transplantation
- sensitization
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Nephrology