Abstract
Purpose: This study compared the relative incidence of treatment-related toxicities and the event-free and overall survival between Hispanic and non-Hispanic children undergoing therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on Dana-Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium protocol 05-001. Patients and methods: Secondary analysis of prospectively collected data from a phase III multicenter study in children and adolescents of 1–18 years with previously untreated ALL. Results: Between 2005 and 2011, 794 eligible patients enrolled on DFCI 05-001, 730 of whom were included in this analysis (19% [N = 150] Hispanic, 73% [N = 580] non-Hispanic). Hispanic patients were more likely to be ≥10 years of age (32% vs. 24%, P = 0.045) at diagnosis. Toxicity analyses revealed that Hispanic patients had significantly lower cumulative incidence of bone fracture (P < 0.001) and osteonecrosis (ON; P = 0.047). In multivariable risk regression, the risk of ON was significantly lower in Hispanic patients ≥10 years (HR 0.23; P = 0.006). Hispanic patients had significantly lower 5-year event-free survival (EFS) (79.4%; 95% CI: 71.6–85.2) and overall survival (OS) (89.2%; 95% CI: 82.7–93.4) than non-Hispanic patients (EFS: 87.5%; 95% CI: 84.5–90.0, P = 0.004; OS: 92.7%; 95% CI: 90.2–94.6, P = 0.006). Exploratory analyses revealed differences between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients in the frequency of common variants in genes related to toxicity or ALL outcome. Conclusion: Hispanic children treated for ALL on DFCI 05-001 had fewer bone-related toxicities and inferior survival than non-Hispanic patients. While disease biology is one explanatory variable for outcome disparities, these findings suggest that biologic and non-biologic mechanisms affecting drug delivery and exposure in this population may be important contributing factors as well.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | e26871 |
Journal | Pediatric Blood and Cancer |
Volume | 65 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 2018 |
Keywords
- Hispanic
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- ethnicity
- outcomes
- survival
- toxicities
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
- Hematology
- Oncology