TY - JOUR
T1 - Allosteric and Catalytic Functions of the PPi-binding Motif in the ATP Sulfurylase-GTPase System
AU - Pilloff, Daniel E.
AU - Leyh, Thomas S.
PY - 2003/12/12
Y1 - 2003/12/12
N2 - ATP sulfurylase, from Escherichia coli K-12, catalyzes and couples the Gibbs potentials of two reactions, GTP hydrolysis and activated sulfate (APS, adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate) synthesis. Coupling these potentials requires that the catalytic cycle include reaction stage-dependent conformational changes that gate the activities of the two active sites. These interactions were probed in a mutagenesis study of a highly conserved pyrophosphate-binding motif (SXGXDS), which is located at the APS-forming active site. The motif appears to be unique to the N-type PPi synthetase family, and mutations in it are linked, in other systems, to citrullinemia, an often fatal orphan disease. The conserved sites in the motif were evaluated individually for their ability to activate GTP hydrolysis (which reports interactions among the activator (AMP or Mg2+·PP i), the enzyme, and GTP), to affect the energetic coupling of the two reactions, and to alter the kinetic constants of the adenylyl transfer reaction in the absence of guanine nucleotide. What emerges from this first mutagenic exploration of the PPi motif in any adenylyltransferase is that the residues of the motif participate differently, and in sometimes profoundly important ways, in the different functions of the enzyme.
AB - ATP sulfurylase, from Escherichia coli K-12, catalyzes and couples the Gibbs potentials of two reactions, GTP hydrolysis and activated sulfate (APS, adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate) synthesis. Coupling these potentials requires that the catalytic cycle include reaction stage-dependent conformational changes that gate the activities of the two active sites. These interactions were probed in a mutagenesis study of a highly conserved pyrophosphate-binding motif (SXGXDS), which is located at the APS-forming active site. The motif appears to be unique to the N-type PPi synthetase family, and mutations in it are linked, in other systems, to citrullinemia, an often fatal orphan disease. The conserved sites in the motif were evaluated individually for their ability to activate GTP hydrolysis (which reports interactions among the activator (AMP or Mg2+·PP i), the enzyme, and GTP), to affect the energetic coupling of the two reactions, and to alter the kinetic constants of the adenylyl transfer reaction in the absence of guanine nucleotide. What emerges from this first mutagenic exploration of the PPi motif in any adenylyltransferase is that the residues of the motif participate differently, and in sometimes profoundly important ways, in the different functions of the enzyme.
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U2 - 10.1074/jbc.M306897200
DO - 10.1074/jbc.M306897200
M3 - Article
C2 - 14506286
AN - SCOPUS:0346118911
SN - 0021-9258
VL - 278
SP - 50435
EP - 50441
JO - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry
IS - 50
ER -